Data Wrangling with dplyr
Tuesday, October 8
Today we will…
- Comments from Week 2
- New Material
- Introduce the
dplyrpackage. - Use
dplyrverbs to manipulate data.
- Introduce the
- PA 3: Identify the Mystery College
Citing Your Sources
When you write code, you will need to reference function / package documentation and external resources.
- This is part of being a programmer!
. . .
When you rely on external resources for an assignment in this course, you must cite your sources.
- If you use any resources outside of the course text, the course slides, and the posted cheatsheets, you must include a citation!
- If you do not cite your sources that constitutes plagiarism.
- Any instances of plagiarism in a lab or challenge assignment removes your ability to include code from that assignment in your portfolio.
Data Wrangling with dplyr
dplyr
dplyr is part of the tidyverse that provides us with the Grammar of Data Manipulation.
- This package gives us the tools to wrangle, manipulate, and tidy our data with ease.
- Check out the
dplyrcheatsheet.
dplyr verbs
filter()– select rows based on their valuesselect()– select columnsmutate()– add new columns or change existing columnssummarize()– perform summary operations on columnsgroup_by()– facilitate group-wise operationsarrange()– sort rows based on their values
. . .
Use the pipe operator (|> or %>%) to chain together data wrangling operations.
The Pipe Operator
No matter how complex and polished the individual operations are, it is often the quality of the glue that most directly determines the power of the system.
— Hal Abelson
The Pipe Operator
With
dplyr, your code should read like a sentence.The data is the primary object in your sentence, so it should come first in your code.
knitr::include_graphics("images/diagram_sentence.jpg")- The pipe operator is an important part of that readability.
The Pipe Operator
- The pipe specifies a sequence of operations.
- The output from one operation is passed into the first argument (the dataset) of the next operation.
. . .
The “original” pipe:
%>%- Loaded with
tidyversepackage (part ofmagrittr).
- Loaded with
The “native” pipe:
|>- Created in
Rversion 4.1.0. Tools>Global Options...>Code> checkUse native pipe operatorbox.
- Created in
The Pipe Operator
dr_theobold |>
play_a_sport(). . .
dr_theobold |>
put_on("cleats") |>
play_a_sport(type = "track")Data Comes First!
filter(.data = cereal, ...)select(.data = cereal, ...)mutate(.data = cereal, ...)
. . .
You can choose whether to:
declare your data using the .data argument
summary(.data = cereal)or
pipe your data into the first argument of the function
cereal |>
summary()I ❤️ |>
The pipe operator is your friend!
You can pipe data or summaries directly into your ggplot2 code for plotting!
cereals |>
mutate(type = as.factor(type)) |>
rename(temp = type) |>
filter(temp == "C") |>
ggplot(mapping = aes(x = calories)) +
geom_histogram(binwidth = 17)Example Data set – Cereal
library(liver)
Attaching package: 'liver'
The following object is masked from 'package:base':
transform
data(cereal). . .
glimpse(cereal)Rows: 77
Columns: 16
$ name <fct> 100% Bran, 100% Natural Bran, All-Bran, All-Bran with Extra F…
$ manuf <fct> N, Q, K, K, R, G, K, G, R, P, Q, G, G, G, G, R, K, K, G, K, N…
$ type <fct> cold, cold, cold, cold, cold, cold, cold, cold, cold, cold, c…
$ calories <int> 70, 120, 70, 50, 110, 110, 110, 130, 90, 90, 120, 110, 120, 1…
$ protein <int> 4, 3, 4, 4, 2, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 1, 6, 1, 3, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 3, 3…
$ fat <int> 1, 5, 1, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3, 0…
$ sodium <int> 130, 15, 260, 140, 200, 180, 125, 210, 200, 210, 220, 290, 21…
$ fiber <dbl> 10.0, 2.0, 9.0, 14.0, 1.0, 1.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 5.0, 0.0, 2.0,…
$ carbo <dbl> 5.0, 8.0, 7.0, 8.0, 14.0, 10.5, 11.0, 18.0, 15.0, 13.0, 12.0,…
$ sugars <int> 6, 8, 5, 0, 8, 10, 14, 8, 6, 5, 12, 1, 9, 7, 13, 3, 2, 12, 13…
$ potass <int> 280, 135, 320, 330, -1, 70, 30, 100, 125, 190, 35, 105, 45, 1…
$ vitamins <int> 25, 0, 25, 25, 25, 25, 25, 25, 25, 25, 25, 25, 25, 25, 25, 25…
$ shelf <int> 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2…
$ weight <dbl> 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.33, 1.00, 1.00, 1…
$ cups <dbl> 0.33, 1.00, 0.33, 0.50, 0.75, 0.75, 1.00, 0.75, 0.67, 0.67, 0…
$ rating <dbl> 68.40297, 33.98368, 59.42551, 93.70491, 34.38484, 29.50954, 3…
summary(cereal) name manuf type calories
100% Bran : 1 A: 1 cold:74 Min. : 50.0
100% Natural Bran : 1 G:22 hot : 3 1st Qu.:100.0
All-Bran : 1 K:23 Median :110.0
All-Bran with Extra Fiber: 1 N: 6 Mean :106.9
Almond Delight : 1 P: 9 3rd Qu.:110.0
Apple Cinnamon Cheerios : 1 Q: 8 Max. :160.0
(Other) :71 R: 8
protein fat sodium fiber
Min. :1.000 Min. :0.000 Min. : 0.0 Min. : 0.000
1st Qu.:2.000 1st Qu.:0.000 1st Qu.:130.0 1st Qu.: 1.000
Median :3.000 Median :1.000 Median :180.0 Median : 2.000
Mean :2.545 Mean :1.013 Mean :159.7 Mean : 2.152
3rd Qu.:3.000 3rd Qu.:2.000 3rd Qu.:210.0 3rd Qu.: 3.000
Max. :6.000 Max. :5.000 Max. :320.0 Max. :14.000
carbo sugars potass vitamins
Min. :-1.0 Min. :-1.000 Min. : -1.00 Min. : 0.00
1st Qu.:12.0 1st Qu.: 3.000 1st Qu.: 40.00 1st Qu.: 25.00
Median :14.0 Median : 7.000 Median : 90.00 Median : 25.00
Mean :14.6 Mean : 6.922 Mean : 96.08 Mean : 28.25
3rd Qu.:17.0 3rd Qu.:11.000 3rd Qu.:120.00 3rd Qu.: 25.00
Max. :23.0 Max. :15.000 Max. :330.00 Max. :100.00
shelf weight cups rating
Min. :1.000 Min. :0.50 Min. :0.250 Min. :18.04
1st Qu.:1.000 1st Qu.:1.00 1st Qu.:0.670 1st Qu.:33.17
Median :2.000 Median :1.00 Median :0.750 Median :40.40
Mean :2.208 Mean :1.03 Mean :0.821 Mean :42.67
3rd Qu.:3.000 3rd Qu.:1.00 3rd Qu.:1.000 3rd Qu.:50.83
Max. :3.000 Max. :1.50 Max. :1.500 Max. :93.70
filter()
knitr::include_graphics("https://github.com/allisonhorst/stats-illustrations/raw/main/rstats-artwork/dplyr_filter.jpg")filter()
We filter to the rows (observations) we would like to keep in the data.
. . .
cereal |>
filter(sugars < 5)| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | cold | 50 | 4 | 0 | 140 | 14.0 | 8 | 0 | 330 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 93.70491 |
| Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 6 | 2 | 290 | 2.0 | 17 | 1 | 105 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 50.76500 |
| Corn Chex | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 280 | 0.0 | 22 | 3 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.44502 |
| Corn Flakes | K | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 1.0 | 21 | 2 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 45.86332 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 100 | 3 | 0 | 80 | 1.0 | 21 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 64.53382 |
| Crispix | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 220 | 1.0 | 21 | 3 | 30 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.89564 |
| Grape-Nuts | P | cold | 110 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 17 | 3 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.25 | 53.37101 |
| Great Grains Pecan | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 3 | 75 | 3.0 | 13 | 4 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 45.81172 |
| Kix | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 260 | 0.0 | 21 | 3 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 39.24111 |
| Maypo | A | hot | 100 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16 | 3 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 54.85092 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | K | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 18 | 2 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.64284 |
| Product 19 | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 320 | 1.0 | 20 | 3 | 45 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.50354 |
| Puffed Rice | Q | cold | 50 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 13 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 60.75611 |
| Puffed Wheat | Q | cold | 50 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 10 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 63.00565 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 100 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2.7 | -1 | -1 | 110 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 50.82839 |
| Rice Chex | R | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 240 | 0.0 | 23 | 2 | 30 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.13 | 41.99893 |
| Rice Krispies | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 0.0 | 22 | 3 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.56016 |
| Shredded Wheat | N | cold | 80 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 16 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 1 | 0.83 | 1.00 | 68.23588 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4.0 | 19 | 0 | 140 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 74.47295 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 20 | 0 | 120 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 72.80179 |
| Special K | K | cold | 110 | 6 | 0 | 230 | 1.0 | 16 | 3 | 55 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 53.13132 |
| Total Corn Flakes | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 0.0 | 21 | 3 | 35 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 38.83975 |
| Total Whole Grain | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 16 | 3 | 110 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.65884 |
| Triples | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 250 | 0.0 | 21 | 3 | 60 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 39.10617 |
| Wheat Chex | R | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 230 | 3.0 | 17 | 3 | 115 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.78744 |
| Wheaties | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 17 | 3 | 110 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 51.59219 |
filter()
We can add multiple filters to our data, to get a more specific subset.
cereal |>
filter(sugars < 5,
type == "hot")| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 100 | 3 | 0 | 80 | 1.0 | 21 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1.00 | 64.53382 |
| Maypo | A | hot | 100 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16 | 3 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1 | 1.00 | 54.85092 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 100 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2.7 | -1 | -1 | 110 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.67 | 50.82839 |
Why not use &?
The , separating these two conditions is equivalent to using an &.
. . .
Why not just use a &?
Well, with a lot of &s your code can get hard to read…
. . .
filter(sugars < 5 & type == "cold" & calories > 100)filter(): Handy Helpers!
>: greater than<: less than==: equal to!: not%in%: checks if an element belongs to a vectoris.na(): binary evaluation of missing values|: or
filter(): |
What if I wanted either non-sugary cereals or hot cereals…
. . .
cereal |>
filter(sugars < 5 |
type == "hot")| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | cold | 50 | 4 | 0 | 140 | 14.0 | 8 | 0 | 330 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 93.70491 |
| Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 6 | 2 | 290 | 2.0 | 17 | 1 | 105 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 50.76500 |
| Corn Chex | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 280 | 0.0 | 22 | 3 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.44502 |
| Corn Flakes | K | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 1.0 | 21 | 2 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 45.86332 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 100 | 3 | 0 | 80 | 1.0 | 21 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 64.53382 |
| Crispix | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 220 | 1.0 | 21 | 3 | 30 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.89564 |
| Grape-Nuts | P | cold | 110 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 17 | 3 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.25 | 53.37101 |
| Great Grains Pecan | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 3 | 75 | 3.0 | 13 | 4 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 45.81172 |
| Kix | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 260 | 0.0 | 21 | 3 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 39.24111 |
| Maypo | A | hot | 100 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16 | 3 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 54.85092 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | K | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 18 | 2 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.64284 |
| Product 19 | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 320 | 1.0 | 20 | 3 | 45 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.50354 |
| Puffed Rice | Q | cold | 50 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 13 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 60.75611 |
| Puffed Wheat | Q | cold | 50 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 10 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 63.00565 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 100 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2.7 | -1 | -1 | 110 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 50.82839 |
| Rice Chex | R | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 240 | 0.0 | 23 | 2 | 30 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.13 | 41.99893 |
| Rice Krispies | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 0.0 | 22 | 3 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.56016 |
| Shredded Wheat | N | cold | 80 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 16 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 1 | 0.83 | 1.00 | 68.23588 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4.0 | 19 | 0 | 140 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 74.47295 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 20 | 0 | 120 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 72.80179 |
| Special K | K | cold | 110 | 6 | 0 | 230 | 1.0 | 16 | 3 | 55 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 53.13132 |
| Total Corn Flakes | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 0.0 | 21 | 3 | 35 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 38.83975 |
| Total Whole Grain | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 16 | 3 | 110 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.65884 |
| Triples | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 250 | 0.0 | 21 | 3 | 60 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 39.10617 |
| Wheat Chex | R | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 230 | 3.0 | 17 | 3 | 115 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.78744 |
| Wheaties | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 17 | 3 | 110 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 51.59219 |
filter(): %in%
Are you interested in observations with values in a list of levels?
. . .
cereal |>
filter(name %in% c("Cheerios",
"Cinnamon Toast Crunch",
"Raisin Bran",
"Cracklin' Oat Bran")
)| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 6 | 2 | 290 | 2 | 17 | 1 | 105 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 50.76500 |
| Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | cold | 120 | 1 | 3 | 210 | 0 | 13 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 19.82357 |
| Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | cold | 110 | 3 | 3 | 140 | 4 | 10 | 7 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.44877 |
| Raisin Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 210 | 5 | 14 | 12 | 240 | 25 | 2 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 39.25920 |
How do we “filter” in base R?
You can use the subset() function!
cereal |>
subset(name %in% c("Cheerios",
"Cinnamon Toast Crunch",
"Raisin Bran",
"Cracklin' Oat Bran")
)| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 6 | 2 | 290 | 2 | 17 | 1 | 105 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 50.76500 |
| 13 | Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | cold | 120 | 1 | 3 | 210 | 0 | 13 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 19.82357 |
| 20 | Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | cold | 110 | 3 | 3 | 140 | 4 | 10 | 7 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.44877 |
| 59 | Raisin Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 210 | 5 | 14 | 12 | 240 | 25 | 2 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 39.25920 |
Another example of the subset() function…
cereal |>
subset(sugars < 5 & type == "hot")| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 100 | 3 | 0 | 80 | 1.0 | 21 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1.00 | 64.53382 |
| 44 | Maypo | A | hot | 100 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16 | 3 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1 | 1.00 | 54.85092 |
| 58 | Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 100 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2.7 | -1 | -1 | 110 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.67 | 50.82839 |
arrange()
arrange()
We arrange the rows of the data in order of a particular variable.
. . .
cereal |>
arrange(sodium)| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frosted Mini-Wheats | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 14.0 | 7 | 100 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 58.34514 |
| Maypo | A | hot | 100 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 54.85092 |
| Puffed Rice | Q | cold | 50 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 60.75611 |
| Puffed Wheat | Q | cold | 50 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 63.00565 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 100 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2.7 | -1.0 | -1 | 110 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 50.82839 |
| Raisin Squares | K | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 55.33314 |
| Shredded Wheat | N | cold | 80 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 1 | 0.83 | 1.00 | 68.23588 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4.0 | 19.0 | 0 | 140 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 74.47295 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 20.0 | 0 | 120 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 72.80179 |
| 100% Natural Bran | Q | cold | 120 | 3 | 5 | 15 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 8 | 135 | 0 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.98368 |
| Strawberry Fruit Wheats | N | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 15 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 90 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.36399 |
| Golden Crisp | P | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 45 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 35.25244 |
| Smacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 70 | 1.0 | 9.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.23005 |
| Great Grains Pecan | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 3 | 75 | 3.0 | 13.0 | 4 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 45.81172 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 100 | 3 | 0 | 80 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 64.53382 |
| Corn Pops | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 90 | 1.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 20 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 35.78279 |
| Muesli Raisins; Dates; & Almonds | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 95 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 37.13686 |
| Apple Jacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.17409 |
| Froot Loops | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 13 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 32.20758 |
| 100% Bran | N | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 130 | 10.0 | 5.0 | 6 | 280 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 68.40297 |
| Fruity Pebbles | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 135 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 28.02576 |
| Quaker Oat Squares | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 1 | 135 | 2.0 | 14.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 49.51187 |
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | cold | 50 | 4 | 0 | 140 | 14.0 | 8.0 | 0 | 330 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 93.70491 |
| Clusters | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.0 | 13.0 | 7 | 105 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.40021 |
| Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | cold | 110 | 3 | 3 | 140 | 4.0 | 10.0 | 7 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.44877 |
| Crispy Wheat & Raisins | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 140 | 2.0 | 11.0 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.17620 |
| Grape Nuts Flakes | P | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 140 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 85 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 52.07690 |
| Raisin Nut Bran | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.5 | 10.5 | 8 | 140 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 39.70340 |
| Trix | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 140 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 27.75330 |
| Life | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 2 | 150 | 2.0 | 12.0 | 6 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 45.32807 |
| Muesli Raisins; Peaches; & Pecans | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 150 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 34.13976 |
| Mueslix Crispy Blend | K | cold | 160 | 3 | 2 | 150 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 13 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.50 | 0.67 | 30.31335 |
| Fruit & Fibre Dates; Walnuts; and Oats | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 2 | 160 | 5.0 | 12.0 | 10 | 200 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.67 | 40.91705 |
| Grape-Nuts | P | cold | 110 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.25 | 53.37101 |
| Just Right Crunchy Nuggets | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 170 | 1.0 | 17.0 | 6 | 60 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 36.52368 |
| Just Right Fruit & Nut | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 170 | 2.0 | 20.0 | 9 | 95 | 100 | 3 | 1.30 | 0.75 | 36.47151 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | K | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 18.0 | 2 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.64284 |
| Oatmeal Raisin Crisp | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 170 | 1.5 | 13.5 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.50 | 30.45084 |
| Apple Cinnamon Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 180 | 1.5 | 10.5 | 10 | 70 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 29.50954 |
| Cocoa Puffs | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.73645 |
| Count Chocula | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 65 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.39651 |
| Honey-comb | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 180 | 0.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.33 | 28.74241 |
| Lucky Charms | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 26.73451 |
| Double Chex | R | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 190 | 1.0 | 18.0 | 5 | 80 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 44.33086 |
| Nut&Honey Crunch | K | cold | 120 | 2 | 1 | 190 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 29.92429 |
| Total Raisin Bran | G | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 190 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 14 | 230 | 100 | 3 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 28.59278 |
| Almond Delight | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 8 | -1 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 34.38484 |
| Bran Chex | R | cold | 90 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 125 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.12025 |
| Frosted Flakes | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.43597 |
| Post Nat. Raisin Bran | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 6.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 260 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 37.84059 |
| Total Corn Flakes | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 35 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 38.83975 |
| Total Whole Grain | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 110 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.65884 |
| Wheaties | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 110 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 51.59219 |
| Wheaties Honey Gold | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 8 | 60 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.18756 |
| Basic 4 | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 210 | 2.0 | 18.0 | 8 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 37.03856 |
| Bran Flakes | P | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 210 | 5.0 | 13.0 | 5 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 53.31381 |
| Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | cold | 120 | 1 | 3 | 210 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 19.82357 |
| Raisin Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 210 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 240 | 25 | 2 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 39.25920 |
| Cap'n'Crunch | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 35 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 18.04285 |
| Crispix | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 220 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 30 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.89564 |
| Honey Graham Ohs | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 1.0 | 12.0 | 11 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 21.87129 |
| Multi-Grain Cheerios | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 220 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.10596 |
| Nutri-Grain Almond-Raisin | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 2 | 220 | 3.0 | 21.0 | 7 | 130 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 40.69232 |
| Special K | K | cold | 110 | 6 | 0 | 230 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 55 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 53.13132 |
| Wheat Chex | R | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 230 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 115 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.78744 |
| Fruitful Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 0 | 240 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 41.01549 |
| Rice Chex | R | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 240 | 0.0 | 23.0 | 2 | 30 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.13 | 41.99893 |
| Honey Nut Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 1 | 250 | 1.5 | 11.5 | 10 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.07222 |
| Triples | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 250 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 60 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 39.10617 |
| All-Bran | K | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 260 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 5 | 320 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 59.42551 |
| Kix | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 260 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 39.24111 |
| Corn Chex | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 280 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.44502 |
| Golden Grahams | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 280 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 23.80404 |
| Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 6 | 2 | 290 | 2.0 | 17.0 | 1 | 105 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 50.76500 |
| Corn Flakes | K | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 2 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 45.86332 |
| Rice Krispies | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.56016 |
| Product 19 | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 320 | 1.0 | 20.0 | 3 | 45 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.50354 |
arrange()
We can arrange by multiple variables.
. . .
| name | manuf | type | sodium | sugars |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 0 | -1 |
| Puffed Rice | Q | cold | 0 | 0 |
| Puffed Wheat | Q | cold | 0 | 0 |
| Shredded Wheat | N | cold | 0 | 0 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | cold | 0 | 0 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | cold | 0 | 0 |
| Maypo | A | hot | 0 | 3 |
| Raisin Squares | K | cold | 0 | 6 |
| Frosted Mini-Wheats | K | cold | 0 | 7 |
| Strawberry Fruit Wheats | N | cold | 15 | 5 |
| 100% Natural Bran | Q | cold | 15 | 8 |
| Golden Crisp | P | cold | 45 | 15 |
| Smacks | K | cold | 70 | 15 |
| Great Grains Pecan | P | cold | 75 | 4 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 80 | 0 |
| Corn Pops | K | cold | 90 | 12 |
| Muesli Raisins; Dates; & Almonds | R | cold | 95 | 11 |
| Froot Loops | K | cold | 125 | 13 |
| Apple Jacks | K | cold | 125 | 14 |
| 100% Bran | N | cold | 130 | 6 |
| Quaker Oat Squares | Q | cold | 135 | 6 |
| Fruity Pebbles | P | cold | 135 | 12 |
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | cold | 140 | 0 |
| Grape Nuts Flakes | P | cold | 140 | 5 |
| Clusters | G | cold | 140 | 7 |
| Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | cold | 140 | 7 |
| Raisin Nut Bran | G | cold | 140 | 8 |
| Crispy Wheat & Raisins | G | cold | 140 | 10 |
| Trix | G | cold | 140 | 12 |
| Life | Q | cold | 150 | 6 |
| Muesli Raisins; Peaches; & Pecans | R | cold | 150 | 11 |
| Mueslix Crispy Blend | K | cold | 150 | 13 |
| Fruit & Fibre Dates; Walnuts; and Oats | P | cold | 160 | 10 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | K | cold | 170 | 2 |
| Grape-Nuts | P | cold | 170 | 3 |
| Just Right Crunchy Nuggets | K | cold | 170 | 6 |
| Just Right Fruit & Nut | K | cold | 170 | 9 |
| Oatmeal Raisin Crisp | G | cold | 170 | 10 |
| Apple Cinnamon Cheerios | G | cold | 180 | 10 |
| Honey-comb | P | cold | 180 | 11 |
| Lucky Charms | G | cold | 180 | 12 |
| Cocoa Puffs | G | cold | 180 | 13 |
| Count Chocula | G | cold | 180 | 13 |
| Double Chex | R | cold | 190 | 5 |
| Nut&Honey Crunch | K | cold | 190 | 9 |
| Total Raisin Bran | G | cold | 190 | 14 |
| Total Corn Flakes | G | cold | 200 | 3 |
| Total Whole Grain | G | cold | 200 | 3 |
| Wheaties | G | cold | 200 | 3 |
| Bran Chex | R | cold | 200 | 6 |
| Almond Delight | R | cold | 200 | 8 |
| Wheaties Honey Gold | G | cold | 200 | 8 |
| Frosted Flakes | K | cold | 200 | 11 |
| Post Nat. Raisin Bran | P | cold | 200 | 14 |
| Bran Flakes | P | cold | 210 | 5 |
| Basic 4 | G | cold | 210 | 8 |
| Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | cold | 210 | 9 |
| Raisin Bran | K | cold | 210 | 12 |
| Crispix | K | cold | 220 | 3 |
| Multi-Grain Cheerios | G | cold | 220 | 6 |
| Nutri-Grain Almond-Raisin | K | cold | 220 | 7 |
| Honey Graham Ohs | Q | cold | 220 | 11 |
| Cap'n'Crunch | Q | cold | 220 | 12 |
| Special K | K | cold | 230 | 3 |
| Wheat Chex | R | cold | 230 | 3 |
| Rice Chex | R | cold | 240 | 2 |
| Fruitful Bran | K | cold | 240 | 12 |
| Triples | G | cold | 250 | 3 |
| Honey Nut Cheerios | G | cold | 250 | 10 |
| Kix | G | cold | 260 | 3 |
| All-Bran | K | cold | 260 | 5 |
| Corn Chex | R | cold | 280 | 3 |
| Golden Grahams | G | cold | 280 | 9 |
| Cheerios | G | cold | 290 | 1 |
| Corn Flakes | K | cold | 290 | 2 |
| Rice Krispies | K | cold | 290 | 3 |
| Product 19 | K | cold | 320 | 3 |
arrange(): Descending Order
Default is ascending order…
…but can add desc() to get descending order!
cereal |>
arrange(desc(sodium))slice_max()
Selects the n rows with the maximum values of the specified variable.
cereal |>
slice_max(order_by = sugars, n = 3)| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Golden Crisp | P | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 45 | 0 | 11 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 35.25244 |
| Smacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 70 | 1 | 9 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.23005 |
| Apple Jacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 125 | 1 | 11 | 14 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.17409 |
| Post Nat. Raisin Bran | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 6 | 11 | 14 | 260 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 37.84059 |
| Total Raisin Bran | G | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 190 | 4 | 15 | 14 | 230 | 100 | 3 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 28.59278 |
. . .
You can use the with_ties = FALSE) argument to remove ties from your arrange()d output!
How do we “arrange” in base R?
You can use the order() function!
cereal[order(cereal$sodium, cereal$sugars),]| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 58 | Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 100 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2.7 | -1.0 | -1 | 110 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 50.82839 |
| 55 | Puffed Rice | Q | cold | 50 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 60.75611 |
| 56 | Puffed Wheat | Q | cold | 50 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 63.00565 |
| 64 | Shredded Wheat | N | cold | 80 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 1 | 0.83 | 1.00 | 68.23588 |
| 65 | Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4.0 | 19.0 | 0 | 140 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 74.47295 |
| 66 | Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 20.0 | 0 | 120 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 72.80179 |
| 44 | Maypo | A | hot | 100 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 54.85092 |
| 61 | Raisin Squares | K | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 55.33314 |
| 27 | Frosted Mini-Wheats | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 14.0 | 7 | 100 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 58.34514 |
| 69 | Strawberry Fruit Wheats | N | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 15 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 90 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.36399 |
| 2 | 100% Natural Bran | Q | cold | 120 | 3 | 5 | 15 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 8 | 135 | 0 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.98368 |
| 31 | Golden Crisp | P | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 45 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 35.25244 |
| 67 | Smacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 70 | 1.0 | 9.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.23005 |
| 35 | Great Grains Pecan | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 3 | 75 | 3.0 | 13.0 | 4 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 45.81172 |
| 21 | Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 100 | 3 | 0 | 80 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 64.53382 |
| 18 | Corn Pops | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 90 | 1.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 20 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 35.78279 |
| 45 | Muesli Raisins; Dates; & Almonds | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 95 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 37.13686 |
| 25 | Froot Loops | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 13 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 32.20758 |
| 7 | Apple Jacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.17409 |
| 1 | 100% Bran | N | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 130 | 10.0 | 5.0 | 6 | 280 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 68.40297 |
| 57 | Quaker Oat Squares | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 1 | 135 | 2.0 | 14.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 49.51187 |
| 30 | Fruity Pebbles | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 135 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 28.02576 |
| 4 | All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | cold | 50 | 4 | 0 | 140 | 14.0 | 8.0 | 0 | 330 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 93.70491 |
| 33 | Grape Nuts Flakes | P | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 140 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 85 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 52.07690 |
| 14 | Clusters | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.0 | 13.0 | 7 | 105 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.40021 |
| 20 | Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | cold | 110 | 3 | 3 | 140 | 4.0 | 10.0 | 7 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.44877 |
| 60 | Raisin Nut Bran | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.5 | 10.5 | 8 | 140 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 39.70340 |
| 23 | Crispy Wheat & Raisins | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 140 | 2.0 | 11.0 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.17620 |
| 74 | Trix | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 140 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 27.75330 |
| 42 | Life | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 2 | 150 | 2.0 | 12.0 | 6 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 45.32807 |
| 46 | Muesli Raisins; Peaches; & Pecans | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 150 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 34.13976 |
| 47 | Mueslix Crispy Blend | K | cold | 160 | 3 | 2 | 150 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 13 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.50 | 0.67 | 30.31335 |
| 28 | Fruit & Fibre Dates; Walnuts; and Oats | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 2 | 160 | 5.0 | 12.0 | 10 | 200 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.67 | 40.91705 |
| 51 | Nutri-grain Wheat | K | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 18.0 | 2 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.64284 |
| 34 | Grape-Nuts | P | cold | 110 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.25 | 53.37101 |
| 39 | Just Right Crunchy Nuggets | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 170 | 1.0 | 17.0 | 6 | 60 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 36.52368 |
| 40 | Just Right Fruit & Nut | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 170 | 2.0 | 20.0 | 9 | 95 | 100 | 3 | 1.30 | 0.75 | 36.47151 |
| 52 | Oatmeal Raisin Crisp | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 170 | 1.5 | 13.5 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.50 | 30.45084 |
| 6 | Apple Cinnamon Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 180 | 1.5 | 10.5 | 10 | 70 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 29.50954 |
| 38 | Honey-comb | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 180 | 0.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.33 | 28.74241 |
| 43 | Lucky Charms | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 26.73451 |
| 15 | Cocoa Puffs | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.73645 |
| 19 | Count Chocula | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 65 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.39651 |
| 24 | Double Chex | R | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 190 | 1.0 | 18.0 | 5 | 80 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 44.33086 |
| 49 | Nut&Honey Crunch | K | cold | 120 | 2 | 1 | 190 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 29.92429 |
| 71 | Total Raisin Bran | G | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 190 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 14 | 230 | 100 | 3 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 28.59278 |
| 70 | Total Corn Flakes | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 35 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 38.83975 |
| 72 | Total Whole Grain | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 110 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.65884 |
| 76 | Wheaties | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 110 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 51.59219 |
| 9 | Bran Chex | R | cold | 90 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 125 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.12025 |
| 5 | Almond Delight | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 8 | -1 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 34.38484 |
| 77 | Wheaties Honey Gold | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 8 | 60 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.18756 |
| 26 | Frosted Flakes | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.43597 |
| 53 | Post Nat. Raisin Bran | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 6.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 260 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 37.84059 |
| 10 | Bran Flakes | P | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 210 | 5.0 | 13.0 | 5 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 53.31381 |
| 8 | Basic 4 | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 210 | 2.0 | 18.0 | 8 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 37.03856 |
| 13 | Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | cold | 120 | 1 | 3 | 210 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 19.82357 |
| 59 | Raisin Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 210 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 240 | 25 | 2 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 39.25920 |
| 22 | Crispix | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 220 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 30 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.89564 |
| 48 | Multi-Grain Cheerios | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 220 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.10596 |
| 50 | Nutri-Grain Almond-Raisin | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 2 | 220 | 3.0 | 21.0 | 7 | 130 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 40.69232 |
| 36 | Honey Graham Ohs | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 1.0 | 12.0 | 11 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 21.87129 |
| 11 | Cap'n'Crunch | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 35 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 18.04285 |
| 68 | Special K | K | cold | 110 | 6 | 0 | 230 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 55 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 53.13132 |
| 75 | Wheat Chex | R | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 230 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 115 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.78744 |
| 62 | Rice Chex | R | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 240 | 0.0 | 23.0 | 2 | 30 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.13 | 41.99893 |
| 29 | Fruitful Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 0 | 240 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 41.01549 |
| 73 | Triples | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 250 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 60 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 39.10617 |
| 37 | Honey Nut Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 1 | 250 | 1.5 | 11.5 | 10 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.07222 |
| 41 | Kix | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 260 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 39.24111 |
| 3 | All-Bran | K | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 260 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 5 | 320 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 59.42551 |
| 16 | Corn Chex | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 280 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.44502 |
| 32 | Golden Grahams | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 280 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 23.80404 |
| 12 | Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 6 | 2 | 290 | 2.0 | 17.0 | 1 | 105 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 50.76500 |
| 17 | Corn Flakes | K | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 2 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 45.86332 |
| 63 | Rice Krispies | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.56016 |
| 54 | Product 19 | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 320 | 1.0 | 20.0 | 3 | 45 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.50354 |
select()
select()
We select which variables (columns) we would like to remain in the data.
. . .
cereal |>
select(name, manuf, calories, cups)| name | manuf | calories | cups |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100% Bran | N | 70 | 0.33 |
| 100% Natural Bran | Q | 120 | 1.00 |
| All-Bran | K | 70 | 0.33 |
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | 50 | 0.50 |
| Almond Delight | R | 110 | 0.75 |
| Apple Cinnamon Cheerios | G | 110 | 0.75 |
| Apple Jacks | K | 110 | 1.00 |
| Basic 4 | G | 130 | 0.75 |
| Bran Chex | R | 90 | 0.67 |
| Bran Flakes | P | 90 | 0.67 |
| Cap'n'Crunch | Q | 120 | 0.75 |
| Cheerios | G | 110 | 1.25 |
| Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | 120 | 0.75 |
| Clusters | G | 110 | 0.50 |
| Cocoa Puffs | G | 110 | 1.00 |
| Corn Chex | R | 110 | 1.00 |
| Corn Flakes | K | 100 | 1.00 |
| Corn Pops | K | 110 | 1.00 |
| Count Chocula | G | 110 | 1.00 |
| Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | 110 | 0.50 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | 100 | 1.00 |
| Crispix | K | 110 | 1.00 |
| Crispy Wheat & Raisins | G | 100 | 0.75 |
| Double Chex | R | 100 | 0.75 |
| Froot Loops | K | 110 | 1.00 |
| Frosted Flakes | K | 110 | 0.75 |
| Frosted Mini-Wheats | K | 100 | 0.80 |
| Fruit & Fibre Dates; Walnuts; and Oats | P | 120 | 0.67 |
| Fruitful Bran | K | 120 | 0.67 |
| Fruity Pebbles | P | 110 | 0.75 |
| Golden Crisp | P | 100 | 0.88 |
| Golden Grahams | G | 110 | 0.75 |
| Grape Nuts Flakes | P | 100 | 0.88 |
| Grape-Nuts | P | 110 | 0.25 |
| Great Grains Pecan | P | 120 | 0.33 |
| Honey Graham Ohs | Q | 120 | 1.00 |
| Honey Nut Cheerios | G | 110 | 0.75 |
| Honey-comb | P | 110 | 1.33 |
| Just Right Crunchy Nuggets | K | 110 | 1.00 |
| Just Right Fruit & Nut | K | 140 | 0.75 |
| Kix | G | 110 | 1.50 |
| Life | Q | 100 | 0.67 |
| Lucky Charms | G | 110 | 1.00 |
| Maypo | A | 100 | 1.00 |
| Muesli Raisins; Dates; & Almonds | R | 150 | 1.00 |
| Muesli Raisins; Peaches; & Pecans | R | 150 | 1.00 |
| Mueslix Crispy Blend | K | 160 | 0.67 |
| Multi-Grain Cheerios | G | 100 | 1.00 |
| Nut&Honey Crunch | K | 120 | 0.67 |
| Nutri-Grain Almond-Raisin | K | 140 | 0.67 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | K | 90 | 1.00 |
| Oatmeal Raisin Crisp | G | 130 | 0.50 |
| Post Nat. Raisin Bran | P | 120 | 0.67 |
| Product 19 | K | 100 | 1.00 |
| Puffed Rice | Q | 50 | 1.00 |
| Puffed Wheat | Q | 50 | 1.00 |
| Quaker Oat Squares | Q | 100 | 0.50 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | 100 | 0.67 |
| Raisin Bran | K | 120 | 0.75 |
| Raisin Nut Bran | G | 100 | 0.50 |
| Raisin Squares | K | 90 | 0.50 |
| Rice Chex | R | 110 | 1.13 |
| Rice Krispies | K | 110 | 1.00 |
| Shredded Wheat | N | 80 | 1.00 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | 90 | 0.67 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | 90 | 0.67 |
| Smacks | K | 110 | 0.75 |
| Special K | K | 110 | 1.00 |
| Strawberry Fruit Wheats | N | 90 | 1.00 |
| Total Corn Flakes | G | 110 | 1.00 |
| Total Raisin Bran | G | 140 | 1.00 |
| Total Whole Grain | G | 100 | 1.00 |
| Triples | G | 110 | 0.75 |
| Trix | G | 110 | 1.00 |
| Wheat Chex | R | 100 | 0.67 |
| Wheaties | G | 100 | 1.00 |
| Wheaties Honey Gold | G | 110 | 0.75 |
select() a Sequence of Columns
cereal |>
select(name:calories)| name | manuf | type | calories |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100% Bran | N | cold | 70 |
| 100% Natural Bran | Q | cold | 120 |
| All-Bran | K | cold | 70 |
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | cold | 50 |
| Almond Delight | R | cold | 110 |
| Apple Cinnamon Cheerios | G | cold | 110 |
| Apple Jacks | K | cold | 110 |
| Basic 4 | G | cold | 130 |
| Bran Chex | R | cold | 90 |
| Bran Flakes | P | cold | 90 |
| Cap'n'Crunch | Q | cold | 120 |
| Cheerios | G | cold | 110 |
| Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | cold | 120 |
| Clusters | G | cold | 110 |
| Cocoa Puffs | G | cold | 110 |
| Corn Chex | R | cold | 110 |
| Corn Flakes | K | cold | 100 |
| Corn Pops | K | cold | 110 |
| Count Chocula | G | cold | 110 |
| Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | cold | 110 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 100 |
| Crispix | K | cold | 110 |
| Crispy Wheat & Raisins | G | cold | 100 |
| Double Chex | R | cold | 100 |
| Froot Loops | K | cold | 110 |
| Frosted Flakes | K | cold | 110 |
| Frosted Mini-Wheats | K | cold | 100 |
| Fruit & Fibre Dates; Walnuts; and Oats | P | cold | 120 |
| Fruitful Bran | K | cold | 120 |
| Fruity Pebbles | P | cold | 110 |
| Golden Crisp | P | cold | 100 |
| Golden Grahams | G | cold | 110 |
| Grape Nuts Flakes | P | cold | 100 |
| Grape-Nuts | P | cold | 110 |
| Great Grains Pecan | P | cold | 120 |
| Honey Graham Ohs | Q | cold | 120 |
| Honey Nut Cheerios | G | cold | 110 |
| Honey-comb | P | cold | 110 |
| Just Right Crunchy Nuggets | K | cold | 110 |
| Just Right Fruit & Nut | K | cold | 140 |
| Kix | G | cold | 110 |
| Life | Q | cold | 100 |
| Lucky Charms | G | cold | 110 |
| Maypo | A | hot | 100 |
| Muesli Raisins; Dates; & Almonds | R | cold | 150 |
| Muesli Raisins; Peaches; & Pecans | R | cold | 150 |
| Mueslix Crispy Blend | K | cold | 160 |
| Multi-Grain Cheerios | G | cold | 100 |
| Nut&Honey Crunch | K | cold | 120 |
| Nutri-Grain Almond-Raisin | K | cold | 140 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | K | cold | 90 |
| Oatmeal Raisin Crisp | G | cold | 130 |
| Post Nat. Raisin Bran | P | cold | 120 |
| Product 19 | K | cold | 100 |
| Puffed Rice | Q | cold | 50 |
| Puffed Wheat | Q | cold | 50 |
| Quaker Oat Squares | Q | cold | 100 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 100 |
| Raisin Bran | K | cold | 120 |
| Raisin Nut Bran | G | cold | 100 |
| Raisin Squares | K | cold | 90 |
| Rice Chex | R | cold | 110 |
| Rice Krispies | K | cold | 110 |
| Shredded Wheat | N | cold | 80 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | cold | 90 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | cold | 90 |
| Smacks | K | cold | 110 |
| Special K | K | cold | 110 |
| Strawberry Fruit Wheats | N | cold | 90 |
| Total Corn Flakes | G | cold | 110 |
| Total Raisin Bran | G | cold | 140 |
| Total Whole Grain | G | cold | 100 |
| Triples | G | cold | 110 |
| Trix | G | cold | 110 |
| Wheat Chex | R | cold | 100 |
| Wheaties | G | cold | 100 |
| Wheaties Honey Gold | G | cold | 110 |
Remove Columns
cereal |>
select(-rating)| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100% Bran | N | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 130 | 10.0 | 5.0 | 6 | 280 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 |
| 100% Natural Bran | Q | cold | 120 | 3 | 5 | 15 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 8 | 135 | 0 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| All-Bran | K | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 260 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 5 | 320 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 |
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | cold | 50 | 4 | 0 | 140 | 14.0 | 8.0 | 0 | 330 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 |
| Almond Delight | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 8 | -1 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 |
| Apple Cinnamon Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 180 | 1.5 | 10.5 | 10 | 70 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 |
| Apple Jacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Basic 4 | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 210 | 2.0 | 18.0 | 8 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.75 |
| Bran Chex | R | cold | 90 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 125 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 |
| Bran Flakes | P | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 210 | 5.0 | 13.0 | 5 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.67 |
| Cap'n'Crunch | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 35 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 |
| Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 6 | 2 | 290 | 2.0 | 17.0 | 1 | 105 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.25 |
| Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | cold | 120 | 1 | 3 | 210 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 |
| Clusters | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.0 | 13.0 | 7 | 105 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 |
| Cocoa Puffs | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Corn Chex | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 280 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Corn Flakes | K | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 2 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Corn Pops | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 90 | 1.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 20 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Count Chocula | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 65 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | cold | 110 | 3 | 3 | 140 | 4.0 | 10.0 | 7 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 100 | 3 | 0 | 80 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Crispix | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 220 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 30 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Crispy Wheat & Raisins | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 140 | 2.0 | 11.0 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 |
| Double Chex | R | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 190 | 1.0 | 18.0 | 5 | 80 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 |
| Froot Loops | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 13 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Frosted Flakes | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 |
| Frosted Mini-Wheats | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 14.0 | 7 | 100 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.80 |
| Fruit & Fibre Dates; Walnuts; and Oats | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 2 | 160 | 5.0 | 12.0 | 10 | 200 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.67 |
| Fruitful Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 0 | 240 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 |
| Fruity Pebbles | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 135 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 |
| Golden Crisp | P | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 45 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.88 |
| Golden Grahams | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 280 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 |
| Grape Nuts Flakes | P | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 140 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 85 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.88 |
| Grape-Nuts | P | cold | 110 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.25 |
| Great Grains Pecan | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 3 | 75 | 3.0 | 13.0 | 4 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 |
| Honey Graham Ohs | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 1.0 | 12.0 | 11 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Honey Nut Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 1 | 250 | 1.5 | 11.5 | 10 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 |
| Honey-comb | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 180 | 0.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.33 |
| Just Right Crunchy Nuggets | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 170 | 1.0 | 17.0 | 6 | 60 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Just Right Fruit & Nut | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 170 | 2.0 | 20.0 | 9 | 95 | 100 | 3 | 1.30 | 0.75 |
| Kix | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 260 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.50 |
| Life | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 2 | 150 | 2.0 | 12.0 | 6 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 |
| Lucky Charms | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Maypo | A | hot | 100 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Muesli Raisins; Dates; & Almonds | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 95 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Muesli Raisins; Peaches; & Pecans | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 150 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Mueslix Crispy Blend | K | cold | 160 | 3 | 2 | 150 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 13 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.50 | 0.67 |
| Multi-Grain Cheerios | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 220 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Nut&Honey Crunch | K | cold | 120 | 2 | 1 | 190 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 |
| Nutri-Grain Almond-Raisin | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 2 | 220 | 3.0 | 21.0 | 7 | 130 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | K | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 18.0 | 2 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Oatmeal Raisin Crisp | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 170 | 1.5 | 13.5 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.50 |
| Post Nat. Raisin Bran | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 6.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 260 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 |
| Product 19 | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 320 | 1.0 | 20.0 | 3 | 45 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Puffed Rice | Q | cold | 50 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 |
| Puffed Wheat | Q | cold | 50 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 |
| Quaker Oat Squares | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 1 | 135 | 2.0 | 14.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 100 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2.7 | -1.0 | -1 | 110 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 |
| Raisin Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 210 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 240 | 25 | 2 | 1.33 | 0.75 |
| Raisin Nut Bran | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.5 | 10.5 | 8 | 140 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 |
| Raisin Squares | K | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 |
| Rice Chex | R | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 240 | 0.0 | 23.0 | 2 | 30 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.13 |
| Rice Krispies | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Shredded Wheat | N | cold | 80 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 1 | 0.83 | 1.00 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4.0 | 19.0 | 0 | 140 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 20.0 | 0 | 120 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 |
| Smacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 70 | 1.0 | 9.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 |
| Special K | K | cold | 110 | 6 | 0 | 230 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 55 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Strawberry Fruit Wheats | N | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 15 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 90 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Total Corn Flakes | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 35 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Total Raisin Bran | G | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 190 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 14 | 230 | 100 | 3 | 1.50 | 1.00 |
| Total Whole Grain | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 110 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Triples | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 250 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 60 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 |
| Trix | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 140 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Wheat Chex | R | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 230 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 115 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 |
| Wheaties | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 110 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Wheaties Honey Gold | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 8 | 60 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 |
select(): Reordering
You can reorder columns inside of select().
cereal |>
select(name, rating, manuf, type,
calories, cups, weight,
everything()
)| name | rating | manuf | type | calories | cups | weight | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100% Bran | 68.40297 | N | cold | 70 | 0.33 | 1.00 | 4 | 1 | 130 | 10.0 | 5.0 | 6 | 280 | 25 | 3 |
| 100% Natural Bran | 33.98368 | Q | cold | 120 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 3 | 5 | 15 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 8 | 135 | 0 | 3 |
| All-Bran | 59.42551 | K | cold | 70 | 0.33 | 1.00 | 4 | 1 | 260 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 5 | 320 | 25 | 3 |
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | 93.70491 | K | cold | 50 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 4 | 0 | 140 | 14.0 | 8.0 | 0 | 330 | 25 | 3 |
| Almond Delight | 34.38484 | R | cold | 110 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 2 | 2 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 8 | -1 | 25 | 3 |
| Apple Cinnamon Cheerios | 29.50954 | G | cold | 110 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 2 | 2 | 180 | 1.5 | 10.5 | 10 | 70 | 25 | 1 |
| Apple Jacks | 33.17409 | K | cold | 110 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2 | 0 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 30 | 25 | 2 |
| Basic 4 | 37.03856 | G | cold | 130 | 0.75 | 1.33 | 3 | 2 | 210 | 2.0 | 18.0 | 8 | 100 | 25 | 3 |
| Bran Chex | 49.12025 | R | cold | 90 | 0.67 | 1.00 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 125 | 25 | 1 |
| Bran Flakes | 53.31381 | P | cold | 90 | 0.67 | 1.00 | 3 | 0 | 210 | 5.0 | 13.0 | 5 | 190 | 25 | 3 |
| Cap'n'Crunch | 18.04285 | Q | cold | 120 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 35 | 25 | 2 |
| Cheerios | 50.76500 | G | cold | 110 | 1.25 | 1.00 | 6 | 2 | 290 | 2.0 | 17.0 | 1 | 105 | 25 | 1 |
| Cinnamon Toast Crunch | 19.82357 | G | cold | 120 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 1 | 3 | 210 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 |
| Clusters | 40.40021 | G | cold | 110 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.0 | 13.0 | 7 | 105 | 25 | 3 |
| Cocoa Puffs | 22.73645 | G | cold | 110 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 55 | 25 | 2 |
| Corn Chex | 41.44502 | R | cold | 110 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2 | 0 | 280 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 25 | 25 | 1 |
| Corn Flakes | 45.86332 | K | cold | 100 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 2 | 35 | 25 | 1 |
| Corn Pops | 35.78279 | K | cold | 110 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1 | 0 | 90 | 1.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 20 | 25 | 2 |
| Count Chocula | 22.39651 | G | cold | 110 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 65 | 25 | 2 |
| Cracklin' Oat Bran | 40.44877 | K | cold | 110 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 3 | 3 | 140 | 4.0 | 10.0 | 7 | 160 | 25 | 3 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | 64.53382 | N | hot | 100 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 3 | 0 | 80 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 |
| Crispix | 46.89564 | K | cold | 110 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2 | 0 | 220 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 30 | 25 | 3 |
| Crispy Wheat & Raisins | 36.17620 | G | cold | 100 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 2 | 1 | 140 | 2.0 | 11.0 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 |
| Double Chex | 44.33086 | R | cold | 100 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 2 | 0 | 190 | 1.0 | 18.0 | 5 | 80 | 25 | 3 |
| Froot Loops | 32.20758 | K | cold | 110 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2 | 1 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 13 | 30 | 25 | 2 |
| Frosted Flakes | 31.43597 | K | cold | 110 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 1 | 0 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 25 | 25 | 1 |
| Frosted Mini-Wheats | 58.34514 | K | cold | 100 | 0.80 | 1.00 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 14.0 | 7 | 100 | 25 | 2 |
| Fruit & Fibre Dates; Walnuts; and Oats | 40.91705 | P | cold | 120 | 0.67 | 1.25 | 3 | 2 | 160 | 5.0 | 12.0 | 10 | 200 | 25 | 3 |
| Fruitful Bran | 41.01549 | K | cold | 120 | 0.67 | 1.33 | 3 | 0 | 240 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 190 | 25 | 3 |
| Fruity Pebbles | 28.02576 | P | cold | 110 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 1 | 1 | 135 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 |
| Golden Crisp | 35.25244 | P | cold | 100 | 0.88 | 1.00 | 2 | 0 | 45 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 1 |
| Golden Grahams | 23.80404 | G | cold | 110 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 1 | 1 | 280 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 |
| Grape Nuts Flakes | 52.07690 | P | cold | 100 | 0.88 | 1.00 | 3 | 1 | 140 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 85 | 25 | 3 |
| Grape-Nuts | 53.37101 | P | cold | 110 | 0.25 | 1.00 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 90 | 25 | 3 |
| Great Grains Pecan | 45.81172 | P | cold | 120 | 0.33 | 1.00 | 3 | 3 | 75 | 3.0 | 13.0 | 4 | 100 | 25 | 3 |
| Honey Graham Ohs | 21.87129 | Q | cold | 120 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 1.0 | 12.0 | 11 | 45 | 25 | 2 |
| Honey Nut Cheerios | 31.07222 | G | cold | 110 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 3 | 1 | 250 | 1.5 | 11.5 | 10 | 90 | 25 | 1 |
| Honey-comb | 28.74241 | P | cold | 110 | 1.33 | 1.00 | 1 | 0 | 180 | 0.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 35 | 25 | 1 |
| Just Right Crunchy Nuggets | 36.52368 | K | cold | 110 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2 | 1 | 170 | 1.0 | 17.0 | 6 | 60 | 100 | 3 |
| Just Right Fruit & Nut | 36.47151 | K | cold | 140 | 0.75 | 1.30 | 3 | 1 | 170 | 2.0 | 20.0 | 9 | 95 | 100 | 3 |
| Kix | 39.24111 | G | cold | 110 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 2 | 1 | 260 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 40 | 25 | 2 |
| Life | 45.32807 | Q | cold | 100 | 0.67 | 1.00 | 4 | 2 | 150 | 2.0 | 12.0 | 6 | 95 | 25 | 2 |
| Lucky Charms | 26.73451 | G | cold | 110 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 55 | 25 | 2 |
| Maypo | 54.85092 | A | hot | 100 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 95 | 25 | 2 |
| Muesli Raisins; Dates; & Almonds | 37.13686 | R | cold | 150 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 4 | 3 | 95 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 |
| Muesli Raisins; Peaches; & Pecans | 34.13976 | R | cold | 150 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 4 | 3 | 150 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 |
| Mueslix Crispy Blend | 30.31335 | K | cold | 160 | 0.67 | 1.50 | 3 | 2 | 150 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 13 | 160 | 25 | 3 |
| Multi-Grain Cheerios | 40.10596 | G | cold | 100 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2 | 1 | 220 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 90 | 25 | 1 |
| Nut&Honey Crunch | 29.92429 | K | cold | 120 | 0.67 | 1.00 | 2 | 1 | 190 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 40 | 25 | 2 |
| Nutri-Grain Almond-Raisin | 40.69232 | K | cold | 140 | 0.67 | 1.33 | 3 | 2 | 220 | 3.0 | 21.0 | 7 | 130 | 25 | 3 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | 59.64284 | K | cold | 90 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 18.0 | 2 | 90 | 25 | 3 |
| Oatmeal Raisin Crisp | 30.45084 | G | cold | 130 | 0.50 | 1.25 | 3 | 2 | 170 | 1.5 | 13.5 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 |
| Post Nat. Raisin Bran | 37.84059 | P | cold | 120 | 0.67 | 1.33 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 6.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 260 | 25 | 3 |
| Product 19 | 41.50354 | K | cold | 100 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 3 | 0 | 320 | 1.0 | 20.0 | 3 | 45 | 100 | 3 |
| Puffed Rice | 60.75611 | Q | cold | 50 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 3 |
| Puffed Wheat | 63.00565 | Q | cold | 50 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 3 |
| Quaker Oat Squares | 49.51187 | Q | cold | 100 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 4 | 1 | 135 | 2.0 | 14.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | 50.82839 | Q | hot | 100 | 0.67 | 1.00 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2.7 | -1.0 | -1 | 110 | 0 | 1 |
| Raisin Bran | 39.25920 | K | cold | 120 | 0.75 | 1.33 | 3 | 1 | 210 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 240 | 25 | 2 |
| Raisin Nut Bran | 39.70340 | G | cold | 100 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.5 | 10.5 | 8 | 140 | 25 | 3 |
| Raisin Squares | 55.33314 | K | cold | 90 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 |
| Rice Chex | 41.99893 | R | cold | 110 | 1.13 | 1.00 | 1 | 0 | 240 | 0.0 | 23.0 | 2 | 30 | 25 | 1 |
| Rice Krispies | 40.56016 | K | cold | 110 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 35 | 25 | 1 |
| Shredded Wheat | 68.23588 | N | cold | 80 | 1.00 | 0.83 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 1 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | 74.47295 | N | cold | 90 | 0.67 | 1.00 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4.0 | 19.0 | 0 | 140 | 0 | 1 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | 72.80179 | N | cold | 90 | 0.67 | 1.00 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 20.0 | 0 | 120 | 0 | 1 |
| Smacks | 31.23005 | K | cold | 110 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 2 | 1 | 70 | 1.0 | 9.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 2 |
| Special K | 53.13132 | K | cold | 110 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 6 | 0 | 230 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 55 | 25 | 1 |
| Strawberry Fruit Wheats | 59.36399 | N | cold | 90 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2 | 0 | 15 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 90 | 25 | 2 |
| Total Corn Flakes | 38.83975 | G | cold | 110 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 35 | 100 | 3 |
| Total Raisin Bran | 28.59278 | G | cold | 140 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 3 | 1 | 190 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 14 | 230 | 100 | 3 |
| Total Whole Grain | 46.65884 | G | cold | 100 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 110 | 100 | 3 |
| Triples | 39.10617 | G | cold | 110 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 2 | 1 | 250 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 60 | 25 | 3 |
| Trix | 27.75330 | G | cold | 110 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1 | 1 | 140 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 |
| Wheat Chex | 49.78744 | R | cold | 100 | 0.67 | 1.00 | 3 | 1 | 230 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 115 | 25 | 1 |
| Wheaties | 51.59219 | G | cold | 100 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 110 | 25 | 1 |
| Wheaties Honey Gold | 36.18756 | G | cold | 110 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 8 | 60 | 25 | 1 |
select(): Handy Helpers!
everything(): selects all columns that you have not already specifiedstarts_with(): selects columns with names that start with the specified stringends_with(): selects columns with names that end with the specified stringcontains(): selects columns with names that contain the specified string
rename()
rename()
- You can rename columns with
select(), but all columns not specified will be dropped.- Using the
rename()function is easier!
- Using the
cereal |>
rename(temp = type)| name | manuf | temp | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100% Bran | N | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 130 | 10.0 | 5.0 | 6 | 280 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 68.40297 |
| 100% Natural Bran | Q | cold | 120 | 3 | 5 | 15 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 8 | 135 | 0 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.98368 |
| All-Bran | K | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 260 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 5 | 320 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 59.42551 |
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | cold | 50 | 4 | 0 | 140 | 14.0 | 8.0 | 0 | 330 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 93.70491 |
| Almond Delight | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 8 | -1 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 34.38484 |
| Apple Cinnamon Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 180 | 1.5 | 10.5 | 10 | 70 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 29.50954 |
| Apple Jacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.17409 |
| Basic 4 | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 210 | 2.0 | 18.0 | 8 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 37.03856 |
| Bran Chex | R | cold | 90 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 125 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.12025 |
| Bran Flakes | P | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 210 | 5.0 | 13.0 | 5 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 53.31381 |
| Cap'n'Crunch | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 35 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 18.04285 |
| Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 6 | 2 | 290 | 2.0 | 17.0 | 1 | 105 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 50.76500 |
| Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | cold | 120 | 1 | 3 | 210 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 19.82357 |
| Clusters | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.0 | 13.0 | 7 | 105 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.40021 |
| Cocoa Puffs | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.73645 |
| Corn Chex | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 280 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.44502 |
| Corn Flakes | K | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 2 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 45.86332 |
| Corn Pops | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 90 | 1.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 20 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 35.78279 |
| Count Chocula | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 65 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.39651 |
| Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | cold | 110 | 3 | 3 | 140 | 4.0 | 10.0 | 7 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.44877 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 100 | 3 | 0 | 80 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 64.53382 |
| Crispix | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 220 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 30 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.89564 |
| Crispy Wheat & Raisins | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 140 | 2.0 | 11.0 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.17620 |
| Double Chex | R | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 190 | 1.0 | 18.0 | 5 | 80 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 44.33086 |
| Froot Loops | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 13 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 32.20758 |
| Frosted Flakes | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.43597 |
| Frosted Mini-Wheats | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 14.0 | 7 | 100 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 58.34514 |
| Fruit & Fibre Dates; Walnuts; and Oats | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 2 | 160 | 5.0 | 12.0 | 10 | 200 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.67 | 40.91705 |
| Fruitful Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 0 | 240 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 41.01549 |
| Fruity Pebbles | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 135 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 28.02576 |
| Golden Crisp | P | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 45 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 35.25244 |
| Golden Grahams | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 280 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 23.80404 |
| Grape Nuts Flakes | P | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 140 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 85 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 52.07690 |
| Grape-Nuts | P | cold | 110 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.25 | 53.37101 |
| Great Grains Pecan | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 3 | 75 | 3.0 | 13.0 | 4 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 45.81172 |
| Honey Graham Ohs | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 1.0 | 12.0 | 11 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 21.87129 |
| Honey Nut Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 1 | 250 | 1.5 | 11.5 | 10 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.07222 |
| Honey-comb | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 180 | 0.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.33 | 28.74241 |
| Just Right Crunchy Nuggets | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 170 | 1.0 | 17.0 | 6 | 60 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 36.52368 |
| Just Right Fruit & Nut | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 170 | 2.0 | 20.0 | 9 | 95 | 100 | 3 | 1.30 | 0.75 | 36.47151 |
| Kix | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 260 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 39.24111 |
| Life | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 2 | 150 | 2.0 | 12.0 | 6 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 45.32807 |
| Lucky Charms | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 26.73451 |
| Maypo | A | hot | 100 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 54.85092 |
| Muesli Raisins; Dates; & Almonds | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 95 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 37.13686 |
| Muesli Raisins; Peaches; & Pecans | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 150 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 34.13976 |
| Mueslix Crispy Blend | K | cold | 160 | 3 | 2 | 150 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 13 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.50 | 0.67 | 30.31335 |
| Multi-Grain Cheerios | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 220 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.10596 |
| Nut&Honey Crunch | K | cold | 120 | 2 | 1 | 190 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 29.92429 |
| Nutri-Grain Almond-Raisin | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 2 | 220 | 3.0 | 21.0 | 7 | 130 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 40.69232 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | K | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 18.0 | 2 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.64284 |
| Oatmeal Raisin Crisp | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 170 | 1.5 | 13.5 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.50 | 30.45084 |
| Post Nat. Raisin Bran | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 6.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 260 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 37.84059 |
| Product 19 | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 320 | 1.0 | 20.0 | 3 | 45 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.50354 |
| Puffed Rice | Q | cold | 50 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 60.75611 |
| Puffed Wheat | Q | cold | 50 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 63.00565 |
| Quaker Oat Squares | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 1 | 135 | 2.0 | 14.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 49.51187 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 100 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2.7 | -1.0 | -1 | 110 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 50.82839 |
| Raisin Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 210 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 240 | 25 | 2 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 39.25920 |
| Raisin Nut Bran | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.5 | 10.5 | 8 | 140 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 39.70340 |
| Raisin Squares | K | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 55.33314 |
| Rice Chex | R | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 240 | 0.0 | 23.0 | 2 | 30 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.13 | 41.99893 |
| Rice Krispies | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.56016 |
| Shredded Wheat | N | cold | 80 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 1 | 0.83 | 1.00 | 68.23588 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4.0 | 19.0 | 0 | 140 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 74.47295 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 20.0 | 0 | 120 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 72.80179 |
| Smacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 70 | 1.0 | 9.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.23005 |
| Special K | K | cold | 110 | 6 | 0 | 230 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 55 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 53.13132 |
| Strawberry Fruit Wheats | N | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 15 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 90 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.36399 |
| Total Corn Flakes | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 35 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 38.83975 |
| Total Raisin Bran | G | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 190 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 14 | 230 | 100 | 3 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 28.59278 |
| Total Whole Grain | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 110 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.65884 |
| Triples | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 250 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 60 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 39.10617 |
| Trix | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 140 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 27.75330 |
| Wheat Chex | R | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 230 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 115 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.78744 |
| Wheaties | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 110 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 51.59219 |
| Wheaties Honey Gold | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 8 | 60 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.18756 |
How do we “select” in base R?
You can use bracketing ([]) or the subset() function!
cereal[ , c("name",
"manuf",
"calories",
"cups")]subset(cereal,
select = c(name,
manuf,
calories,
cups)
)| name | manuf | calories | cups |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100% Bran | N | 70 | 0.33 |
| 100% Natural Bran | Q | 120 | 1.00 |
| All-Bran | K | 70 | 0.33 |
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | 50 | 0.50 |
| Almond Delight | R | 110 | 0.75 |
| Apple Cinnamon Cheerios | G | 110 | 0.75 |
| Apple Jacks | K | 110 | 1.00 |
| Basic 4 | G | 130 | 0.75 |
| Bran Chex | R | 90 | 0.67 |
| Bran Flakes | P | 90 | 0.67 |
| Cap'n'Crunch | Q | 120 | 0.75 |
| Cheerios | G | 110 | 1.25 |
| Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | 120 | 0.75 |
| Clusters | G | 110 | 0.50 |
| Cocoa Puffs | G | 110 | 1.00 |
| Corn Chex | R | 110 | 1.00 |
| Corn Flakes | K | 100 | 1.00 |
| Corn Pops | K | 110 | 1.00 |
| Count Chocula | G | 110 | 1.00 |
| Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | 110 | 0.50 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | 100 | 1.00 |
| Crispix | K | 110 | 1.00 |
| Crispy Wheat & Raisins | G | 100 | 0.75 |
| Double Chex | R | 100 | 0.75 |
| Froot Loops | K | 110 | 1.00 |
| Frosted Flakes | K | 110 | 0.75 |
| Frosted Mini-Wheats | K | 100 | 0.80 |
| Fruit & Fibre Dates; Walnuts; and Oats | P | 120 | 0.67 |
| Fruitful Bran | K | 120 | 0.67 |
| Fruity Pebbles | P | 110 | 0.75 |
| Golden Crisp | P | 100 | 0.88 |
| Golden Grahams | G | 110 | 0.75 |
| Grape Nuts Flakes | P | 100 | 0.88 |
| Grape-Nuts | P | 110 | 0.25 |
| Great Grains Pecan | P | 120 | 0.33 |
| Honey Graham Ohs | Q | 120 | 1.00 |
| Honey Nut Cheerios | G | 110 | 0.75 |
| Honey-comb | P | 110 | 1.33 |
| Just Right Crunchy Nuggets | K | 110 | 1.00 |
| Just Right Fruit & Nut | K | 140 | 0.75 |
| Kix | G | 110 | 1.50 |
| Life | Q | 100 | 0.67 |
| Lucky Charms | G | 110 | 1.00 |
| Maypo | A | 100 | 1.00 |
| Muesli Raisins; Dates; & Almonds | R | 150 | 1.00 |
| Muesli Raisins; Peaches; & Pecans | R | 150 | 1.00 |
| Mueslix Crispy Blend | K | 160 | 0.67 |
| Multi-Grain Cheerios | G | 100 | 1.00 |
| Nut&Honey Crunch | K | 120 | 0.67 |
| Nutri-Grain Almond-Raisin | K | 140 | 0.67 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | K | 90 | 1.00 |
| Oatmeal Raisin Crisp | G | 130 | 0.50 |
| Post Nat. Raisin Bran | P | 120 | 0.67 |
| Product 19 | K | 100 | 1.00 |
| Puffed Rice | Q | 50 | 1.00 |
| Puffed Wheat | Q | 50 | 1.00 |
| Quaker Oat Squares | Q | 100 | 0.50 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | 100 | 0.67 |
| Raisin Bran | K | 120 | 0.75 |
| Raisin Nut Bran | G | 100 | 0.50 |
| Raisin Squares | K | 90 | 0.50 |
| Rice Chex | R | 110 | 1.13 |
| Rice Krispies | K | 110 | 1.00 |
| Shredded Wheat | N | 80 | 1.00 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | 90 | 0.67 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | 90 | 0.67 |
| Smacks | K | 110 | 0.75 |
| Special K | K | 110 | 1.00 |
| Strawberry Fruit Wheats | N | 90 | 1.00 |
| Total Corn Flakes | G | 110 | 1.00 |
| Total Raisin Bran | G | 140 | 1.00 |
| Total Whole Grain | G | 100 | 1.00 |
| Triples | G | 110 | 0.75 |
| Trix | G | 110 | 1.00 |
| Wheat Chex | R | 100 | 0.67 |
| Wheaties | G | 100 | 1.00 |
| Wheaties Honey Gold | G | 110 | 0.75 |
mutate()
knitr::include_graphics("https://github.com/allisonhorst/stats-illustrations/raw/main/rstats-artwork/dplyr_mutate.png")mutate() to include a new variable
cereal |>
mutate(potass_per_cup = potass / cups)| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating | potass_per_cup |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100% Bran | N | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 130 | 10.0 | 5.0 | 6 | 280 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 68.40297 | 848.484848 |
| 100% Natural Bran | Q | cold | 120 | 3 | 5 | 15 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 8 | 135 | 0 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.98368 | 135.000000 |
| All-Bran | K | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 260 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 5 | 320 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 59.42551 | 969.696970 |
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | cold | 50 | 4 | 0 | 140 | 14.0 | 8.0 | 0 | 330 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 93.70491 | 660.000000 |
| Almond Delight | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 8 | -1 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 34.38484 | -1.333333 |
| Apple Cinnamon Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 180 | 1.5 | 10.5 | 10 | 70 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 29.50954 | 93.333333 |
| Apple Jacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.17409 | 30.000000 |
| Basic 4 | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 210 | 2.0 | 18.0 | 8 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 37.03856 | 133.333333 |
| Bran Chex | R | cold | 90 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 125 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.12025 | 186.567164 |
| Bran Flakes | P | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 210 | 5.0 | 13.0 | 5 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 53.31381 | 283.582090 |
| Cap'n'Crunch | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 35 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 18.04285 | 46.666667 |
| Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 6 | 2 | 290 | 2.0 | 17.0 | 1 | 105 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 50.76500 | 84.000000 |
| Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | cold | 120 | 1 | 3 | 210 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 19.82357 | 60.000000 |
| Clusters | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.0 | 13.0 | 7 | 105 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.40021 | 210.000000 |
| Cocoa Puffs | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.73645 | 55.000000 |
| Corn Chex | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 280 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.44502 | 25.000000 |
| Corn Flakes | K | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 2 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 45.86332 | 35.000000 |
| Corn Pops | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 90 | 1.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 20 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 35.78279 | 20.000000 |
| Count Chocula | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 65 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.39651 | 65.000000 |
| Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | cold | 110 | 3 | 3 | 140 | 4.0 | 10.0 | 7 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.44877 | 320.000000 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 100 | 3 | 0 | 80 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 64.53382 | -1.000000 |
| Crispix | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 220 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 30 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.89564 | 30.000000 |
| Crispy Wheat & Raisins | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 140 | 2.0 | 11.0 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.17620 | 160.000000 |
| Double Chex | R | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 190 | 1.0 | 18.0 | 5 | 80 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 44.33086 | 106.666667 |
| Froot Loops | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 13 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 32.20758 | 30.000000 |
| Frosted Flakes | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.43597 | 33.333333 |
| Frosted Mini-Wheats | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 14.0 | 7 | 100 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 58.34514 | 125.000000 |
| Fruit & Fibre Dates; Walnuts; and Oats | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 2 | 160 | 5.0 | 12.0 | 10 | 200 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.67 | 40.91705 | 298.507463 |
| Fruitful Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 0 | 240 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 41.01549 | 283.582090 |
| Fruity Pebbles | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 135 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 28.02576 | 33.333333 |
| Golden Crisp | P | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 45 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 35.25244 | 45.454546 |
| Golden Grahams | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 280 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 23.80404 | 60.000000 |
| Grape Nuts Flakes | P | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 140 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 85 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 52.07690 | 96.590909 |
| Grape-Nuts | P | cold | 110 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.25 | 53.37101 | 360.000000 |
| Great Grains Pecan | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 3 | 75 | 3.0 | 13.0 | 4 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 45.81172 | 303.030303 |
| Honey Graham Ohs | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 1.0 | 12.0 | 11 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 21.87129 | 45.000000 |
| Honey Nut Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 1 | 250 | 1.5 | 11.5 | 10 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.07222 | 120.000000 |
| Honey-comb | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 180 | 0.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.33 | 28.74241 | 26.315790 |
| Just Right Crunchy Nuggets | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 170 | 1.0 | 17.0 | 6 | 60 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 36.52368 | 60.000000 |
| Just Right Fruit & Nut | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 170 | 2.0 | 20.0 | 9 | 95 | 100 | 3 | 1.30 | 0.75 | 36.47151 | 126.666667 |
| Kix | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 260 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 39.24111 | 26.666667 |
| Life | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 2 | 150 | 2.0 | 12.0 | 6 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 45.32807 | 141.791045 |
| Lucky Charms | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 26.73451 | 55.000000 |
| Maypo | A | hot | 100 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 54.85092 | 95.000000 |
| Muesli Raisins; Dates; & Almonds | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 95 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 37.13686 | 170.000000 |
| Muesli Raisins; Peaches; & Pecans | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 150 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 34.13976 | 170.000000 |
| Mueslix Crispy Blend | K | cold | 160 | 3 | 2 | 150 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 13 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.50 | 0.67 | 30.31335 | 238.805970 |
| Multi-Grain Cheerios | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 220 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.10596 | 90.000000 |
| Nut&Honey Crunch | K | cold | 120 | 2 | 1 | 190 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 29.92429 | 59.701493 |
| Nutri-Grain Almond-Raisin | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 2 | 220 | 3.0 | 21.0 | 7 | 130 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 40.69232 | 194.029851 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | K | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 18.0 | 2 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.64284 | 90.000000 |
| Oatmeal Raisin Crisp | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 170 | 1.5 | 13.5 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.50 | 30.45084 | 240.000000 |
| Post Nat. Raisin Bran | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 6.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 260 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 37.84059 | 388.059702 |
| Product 19 | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 320 | 1.0 | 20.0 | 3 | 45 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.50354 | 45.000000 |
| Puffed Rice | Q | cold | 50 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 60.75611 | 15.000000 |
| Puffed Wheat | Q | cold | 50 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 63.00565 | 50.000000 |
| Quaker Oat Squares | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 1 | 135 | 2.0 | 14.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 49.51187 | 220.000000 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 100 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2.7 | -1.0 | -1 | 110 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 50.82839 | 164.179104 |
| Raisin Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 210 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 240 | 25 | 2 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 39.25920 | 320.000000 |
| Raisin Nut Bran | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.5 | 10.5 | 8 | 140 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 39.70340 | 280.000000 |
| Raisin Squares | K | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 55.33314 | 220.000000 |
| Rice Chex | R | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 240 | 0.0 | 23.0 | 2 | 30 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.13 | 41.99893 | 26.548673 |
| Rice Krispies | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.56016 | 35.000000 |
| Shredded Wheat | N | cold | 80 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 1 | 0.83 | 1.00 | 68.23588 | 95.000000 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4.0 | 19.0 | 0 | 140 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 74.47295 | 208.955224 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 20.0 | 0 | 120 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 72.80179 | 179.104478 |
| Smacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 70 | 1.0 | 9.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.23005 | 53.333333 |
| Special K | K | cold | 110 | 6 | 0 | 230 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 55 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 53.13132 | 55.000000 |
| Strawberry Fruit Wheats | N | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 15 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 90 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.36399 | 90.000000 |
| Total Corn Flakes | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 35 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 38.83975 | 35.000000 |
| Total Raisin Bran | G | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 190 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 14 | 230 | 100 | 3 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 28.59278 | 230.000000 |
| Total Whole Grain | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 110 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.65884 | 110.000000 |
| Triples | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 250 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 60 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 39.10617 | 80.000000 |
| Trix | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 140 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 27.75330 | 25.000000 |
| Wheat Chex | R | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 230 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 115 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.78744 | 171.641791 |
| Wheaties | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 110 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 51.59219 | 110.000000 |
| Wheaties Honey Gold | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 8 | 60 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.18756 | 80.000000 |
mutate() to change an existing variable
cereal |>
mutate(shelf = as.factor(shelf))| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100% Bran | N | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 130 | 10.0 | 5.0 | 6 | 280 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 68.40297 |
| 100% Natural Bran | Q | cold | 120 | 3 | 5 | 15 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 8 | 135 | 0 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.98368 |
| All-Bran | K | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 260 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 5 | 320 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 59.42551 |
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | cold | 50 | 4 | 0 | 140 | 14.0 | 8.0 | 0 | 330 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 93.70491 |
| Almond Delight | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 8 | -1 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 34.38484 |
| Apple Cinnamon Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 180 | 1.5 | 10.5 | 10 | 70 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 29.50954 |
| Apple Jacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.17409 |
| Basic 4 | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 210 | 2.0 | 18.0 | 8 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 37.03856 |
| Bran Chex | R | cold | 90 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 125 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.12025 |
| Bran Flakes | P | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 210 | 5.0 | 13.0 | 5 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 53.31381 |
| Cap'n'Crunch | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 35 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 18.04285 |
| Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 6 | 2 | 290 | 2.0 | 17.0 | 1 | 105 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 50.76500 |
| Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | cold | 120 | 1 | 3 | 210 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 19.82357 |
| Clusters | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.0 | 13.0 | 7 | 105 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.40021 |
| Cocoa Puffs | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.73645 |
| Corn Chex | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 280 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.44502 |
| Corn Flakes | K | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 2 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 45.86332 |
| Corn Pops | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 90 | 1.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 20 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 35.78279 |
| Count Chocula | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 65 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.39651 |
| Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | cold | 110 | 3 | 3 | 140 | 4.0 | 10.0 | 7 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.44877 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 100 | 3 | 0 | 80 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 64.53382 |
| Crispix | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 220 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 30 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.89564 |
| Crispy Wheat & Raisins | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 140 | 2.0 | 11.0 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.17620 |
| Double Chex | R | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 190 | 1.0 | 18.0 | 5 | 80 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 44.33086 |
| Froot Loops | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 13 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 32.20758 |
| Frosted Flakes | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.43597 |
| Frosted Mini-Wheats | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 14.0 | 7 | 100 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 58.34514 |
| Fruit & Fibre Dates; Walnuts; and Oats | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 2 | 160 | 5.0 | 12.0 | 10 | 200 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.67 | 40.91705 |
| Fruitful Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 0 | 240 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 41.01549 |
| Fruity Pebbles | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 135 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 28.02576 |
| Golden Crisp | P | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 45 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 35.25244 |
| Golden Grahams | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 280 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 23.80404 |
| Grape Nuts Flakes | P | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 140 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 85 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 52.07690 |
| Grape-Nuts | P | cold | 110 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.25 | 53.37101 |
| Great Grains Pecan | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 3 | 75 | 3.0 | 13.0 | 4 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 45.81172 |
| Honey Graham Ohs | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 1.0 | 12.0 | 11 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 21.87129 |
| Honey Nut Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 1 | 250 | 1.5 | 11.5 | 10 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.07222 |
| Honey-comb | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 180 | 0.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.33 | 28.74241 |
| Just Right Crunchy Nuggets | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 170 | 1.0 | 17.0 | 6 | 60 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 36.52368 |
| Just Right Fruit & Nut | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 170 | 2.0 | 20.0 | 9 | 95 | 100 | 3 | 1.30 | 0.75 | 36.47151 |
| Kix | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 260 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 39.24111 |
| Life | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 2 | 150 | 2.0 | 12.0 | 6 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 45.32807 |
| Lucky Charms | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 26.73451 |
| Maypo | A | hot | 100 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 54.85092 |
| Muesli Raisins; Dates; & Almonds | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 95 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 37.13686 |
| Muesli Raisins; Peaches; & Pecans | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 150 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 34.13976 |
| Mueslix Crispy Blend | K | cold | 160 | 3 | 2 | 150 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 13 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.50 | 0.67 | 30.31335 |
| Multi-Grain Cheerios | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 220 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.10596 |
| Nut&Honey Crunch | K | cold | 120 | 2 | 1 | 190 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 29.92429 |
| Nutri-Grain Almond-Raisin | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 2 | 220 | 3.0 | 21.0 | 7 | 130 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 40.69232 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | K | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 18.0 | 2 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.64284 |
| Oatmeal Raisin Crisp | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 170 | 1.5 | 13.5 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.50 | 30.45084 |
| Post Nat. Raisin Bran | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 6.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 260 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 37.84059 |
| Product 19 | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 320 | 1.0 | 20.0 | 3 | 45 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.50354 |
| Puffed Rice | Q | cold | 50 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 60.75611 |
| Puffed Wheat | Q | cold | 50 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 63.00565 |
| Quaker Oat Squares | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 1 | 135 | 2.0 | 14.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 49.51187 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 100 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2.7 | -1.0 | -1 | 110 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 50.82839 |
| Raisin Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 210 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 240 | 25 | 2 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 39.25920 |
| Raisin Nut Bran | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.5 | 10.5 | 8 | 140 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 39.70340 |
| Raisin Squares | K | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 55.33314 |
| Rice Chex | R | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 240 | 0.0 | 23.0 | 2 | 30 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.13 | 41.99893 |
| Rice Krispies | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.56016 |
| Shredded Wheat | N | cold | 80 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 1 | 0.83 | 1.00 | 68.23588 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4.0 | 19.0 | 0 | 140 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 74.47295 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 20.0 | 0 | 120 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 72.80179 |
| Smacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 70 | 1.0 | 9.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.23005 |
| Special K | K | cold | 110 | 6 | 0 | 230 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 55 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 53.13132 |
| Strawberry Fruit Wheats | N | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 15 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 90 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.36399 |
| Total Corn Flakes | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 35 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 38.83975 |
| Total Raisin Bran | G | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 190 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 14 | 230 | 100 | 3 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 28.59278 |
| Total Whole Grain | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 110 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.65884 |
| Triples | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 250 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 60 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 39.10617 |
| Trix | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 140 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 27.75330 |
| Wheat Chex | R | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 230 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 115 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.78744 |
| Wheaties | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 110 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 51.59219 |
| Wheaties Honey Gold | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 8 | 60 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.18756 |
mutate(): Handy Helpers!
if_else(): creating a new variable with two levelscase_when(): creating a new variable with three or more levels- Pssst, don’t use nested
if_else()functions.
- Pssst, don’t use nested
as.factor(),as.numeric(), etc. : change variable type+,-,*,/: basic mathematical operations%%: modulo (returns the remainder when doing division)
How do we “mutate” in base R?
You can define new columns…
cereal$potass_per_cup <- cereal$potass / cereal$cups| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating | potass_per_cup |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100% Bran | N | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 130 | 10.0 | 5.0 | 6 | 280 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 68.40297 | 848.484848 |
| 100% Natural Bran | Q | cold | 120 | 3 | 5 | 15 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 8 | 135 | 0 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.98368 | 135.000000 |
| All-Bran | K | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 260 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 5 | 320 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 59.42551 | 969.696970 |
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | cold | 50 | 4 | 0 | 140 | 14.0 | 8.0 | 0 | 330 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 93.70491 | 660.000000 |
| Almond Delight | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 8 | -1 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 34.38484 | -1.333333 |
| Apple Cinnamon Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 180 | 1.5 | 10.5 | 10 | 70 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 29.50954 | 93.333333 |
| Apple Jacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.17409 | 30.000000 |
| Basic 4 | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 210 | 2.0 | 18.0 | 8 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 37.03856 | 133.333333 |
| Bran Chex | R | cold | 90 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 125 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.12025 | 186.567164 |
| Bran Flakes | P | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 210 | 5.0 | 13.0 | 5 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 53.31381 | 283.582090 |
| Cap'n'Crunch | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 35 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 18.04285 | 46.666667 |
| Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 6 | 2 | 290 | 2.0 | 17.0 | 1 | 105 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 50.76500 | 84.000000 |
| Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | cold | 120 | 1 | 3 | 210 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 19.82357 | 60.000000 |
| Clusters | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.0 | 13.0 | 7 | 105 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.40021 | 210.000000 |
| Cocoa Puffs | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.73645 | 55.000000 |
| Corn Chex | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 280 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.44502 | 25.000000 |
| Corn Flakes | K | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 2 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 45.86332 | 35.000000 |
| Corn Pops | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 90 | 1.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 20 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 35.78279 | 20.000000 |
| Count Chocula | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 65 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.39651 | 65.000000 |
| Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | cold | 110 | 3 | 3 | 140 | 4.0 | 10.0 | 7 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.44877 | 320.000000 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 100 | 3 | 0 | 80 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 64.53382 | -1.000000 |
| Crispix | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 220 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 30 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.89564 | 30.000000 |
| Crispy Wheat & Raisins | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 140 | 2.0 | 11.0 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.17620 | 160.000000 |
| Double Chex | R | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 190 | 1.0 | 18.0 | 5 | 80 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 44.33086 | 106.666667 |
| Froot Loops | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 13 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 32.20758 | 30.000000 |
| Frosted Flakes | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.43597 | 33.333333 |
| Frosted Mini-Wheats | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 14.0 | 7 | 100 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 58.34514 | 125.000000 |
| Fruit & Fibre Dates; Walnuts; and Oats | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 2 | 160 | 5.0 | 12.0 | 10 | 200 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.67 | 40.91705 | 298.507463 |
| Fruitful Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 0 | 240 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 41.01549 | 283.582090 |
| Fruity Pebbles | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 135 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 28.02576 | 33.333333 |
| Golden Crisp | P | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 45 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 35.25244 | 45.454546 |
| Golden Grahams | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 280 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 23.80404 | 60.000000 |
| Grape Nuts Flakes | P | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 140 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 85 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 52.07690 | 96.590909 |
| Grape-Nuts | P | cold | 110 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.25 | 53.37101 | 360.000000 |
| Great Grains Pecan | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 3 | 75 | 3.0 | 13.0 | 4 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 45.81172 | 303.030303 |
| Honey Graham Ohs | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 1.0 | 12.0 | 11 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 21.87129 | 45.000000 |
| Honey Nut Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 1 | 250 | 1.5 | 11.5 | 10 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.07222 | 120.000000 |
| Honey-comb | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 180 | 0.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.33 | 28.74241 | 26.315790 |
| Just Right Crunchy Nuggets | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 170 | 1.0 | 17.0 | 6 | 60 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 36.52368 | 60.000000 |
| Just Right Fruit & Nut | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 170 | 2.0 | 20.0 | 9 | 95 | 100 | 3 | 1.30 | 0.75 | 36.47151 | 126.666667 |
| Kix | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 260 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 39.24111 | 26.666667 |
| Life | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 2 | 150 | 2.0 | 12.0 | 6 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 45.32807 | 141.791045 |
| Lucky Charms | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 26.73451 | 55.000000 |
| Maypo | A | hot | 100 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 54.85092 | 95.000000 |
| Muesli Raisins; Dates; & Almonds | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 95 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 37.13686 | 170.000000 |
| Muesli Raisins; Peaches; & Pecans | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 150 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 34.13976 | 170.000000 |
| Mueslix Crispy Blend | K | cold | 160 | 3 | 2 | 150 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 13 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.50 | 0.67 | 30.31335 | 238.805970 |
| Multi-Grain Cheerios | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 220 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.10596 | 90.000000 |
| Nut&Honey Crunch | K | cold | 120 | 2 | 1 | 190 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 29.92429 | 59.701493 |
| Nutri-Grain Almond-Raisin | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 2 | 220 | 3.0 | 21.0 | 7 | 130 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 40.69232 | 194.029851 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | K | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 18.0 | 2 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.64284 | 90.000000 |
| Oatmeal Raisin Crisp | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 170 | 1.5 | 13.5 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.50 | 30.45084 | 240.000000 |
| Post Nat. Raisin Bran | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 6.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 260 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 37.84059 | 388.059702 |
| Product 19 | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 320 | 1.0 | 20.0 | 3 | 45 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.50354 | 45.000000 |
| Puffed Rice | Q | cold | 50 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 60.75611 | 15.000000 |
| Puffed Wheat | Q | cold | 50 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 63.00565 | 50.000000 |
| Quaker Oat Squares | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 1 | 135 | 2.0 | 14.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 49.51187 | 220.000000 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 100 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2.7 | -1.0 | -1 | 110 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 50.82839 | 164.179104 |
| Raisin Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 210 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 240 | 25 | 2 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 39.25920 | 320.000000 |
| Raisin Nut Bran | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.5 | 10.5 | 8 | 140 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 39.70340 | 280.000000 |
| Raisin Squares | K | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 55.33314 | 220.000000 |
| Rice Chex | R | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 240 | 0.0 | 23.0 | 2 | 30 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.13 | 41.99893 | 26.548673 |
| Rice Krispies | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.56016 | 35.000000 |
| Shredded Wheat | N | cold | 80 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 1 | 0.83 | 1.00 | 68.23588 | 95.000000 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4.0 | 19.0 | 0 | 140 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 74.47295 | 208.955224 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 20.0 | 0 | 120 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 72.80179 | 179.104478 |
| Smacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 70 | 1.0 | 9.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.23005 | 53.333333 |
| Special K | K | cold | 110 | 6 | 0 | 230 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 55 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 53.13132 | 55.000000 |
| Strawberry Fruit Wheats | N | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 15 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 90 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.36399 | 90.000000 |
| Total Corn Flakes | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 35 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 38.83975 | 35.000000 |
| Total Raisin Bran | G | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 190 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 14 | 230 | 100 | 3 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 28.59278 | 230.000000 |
| Total Whole Grain | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 110 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.65884 | 110.000000 |
| Triples | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 250 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 60 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 39.10617 | 80.000000 |
| Trix | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 140 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 27.75330 | 25.000000 |
| Wheat Chex | R | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 230 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 115 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.78744 | 171.641791 |
| Wheaties | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 110 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 51.59219 | 110.000000 |
| Wheaties Honey Gold | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 8 | 60 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.18756 | 80.000000 |
. . .
…OR overwrite old ones!
cereal$shelf <- as.factor(cereal$shelf)group_by()
knitr::include_graphics("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/allisonhorst/stats-illustrations/main/rstats-blanks/ungroup_blank.png")group_by()
Separate the data into different groups based on a categorical variable.
. . .
The data gets grouped, but nothing happens externally.
cereal |>
group_by(type)# A tibble: 77 × 16
# Groups: type [2]
name manuf type calories protein fat sodium fiber carbo sugars potass
<fct> <fct> <fct> <int> <int> <int> <int> <dbl> <dbl> <int> <int>
1 100% Bran N cold 70 4 1 130 10 5 6 280
2 100% Nat… Q cold 120 3 5 15 2 8 8 135
3 All-Bran K cold 70 4 1 260 9 7 5 320
4 All-Bran… K cold 50 4 0 140 14 8 0 330
5 Almond D… R cold 110 2 2 200 1 14 8 -1
6 Apple Ci… G cold 110 2 2 180 1.5 10.5 10 70
7 Apple Ja… K cold 110 2 0 125 1 11 14 30
8 Basic 4 G cold 130 3 2 210 2 18 8 100
9 Bran Chex R cold 90 2 1 200 4 15 6 125
10 Bran Fla… P cold 90 3 0 210 5 13 5 190
# ℹ 67 more rows
# ℹ 5 more variables: vitamins <int>, shelf <int>, weight <dbl>, cups <dbl>,
# rating <dbl>
| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100% Bran | N | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 130 | 10.0 | 5.0 | 6 | 280 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 68.40297 |
| 100% Natural Bran | Q | cold | 120 | 3 | 5 | 15 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 8 | 135 | 0 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.98368 |
| All-Bran | K | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 260 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 5 | 320 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 59.42551 |
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | cold | 50 | 4 | 0 | 140 | 14.0 | 8.0 | 0 | 330 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 93.70491 |
| Almond Delight | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 8 | -1 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 34.38484 |
| Apple Cinnamon Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 180 | 1.5 | 10.5 | 10 | 70 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 29.50954 |
| Apple Jacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.17409 |
| Basic 4 | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 210 | 2.0 | 18.0 | 8 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 37.03856 |
| Bran Chex | R | cold | 90 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 125 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.12025 |
| Bran Flakes | P | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 210 | 5.0 | 13.0 | 5 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 53.31381 |
| Cap'n'Crunch | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 35 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 18.04285 |
| Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 6 | 2 | 290 | 2.0 | 17.0 | 1 | 105 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 50.76500 |
| Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | cold | 120 | 1 | 3 | 210 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 19.82357 |
| Clusters | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.0 | 13.0 | 7 | 105 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.40021 |
| Cocoa Puffs | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.73645 |
| Corn Chex | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 280 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.44502 |
| Corn Flakes | K | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 2 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 45.86332 |
| Corn Pops | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 90 | 1.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 20 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 35.78279 |
| Count Chocula | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 65 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.39651 |
| Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | cold | 110 | 3 | 3 | 140 | 4.0 | 10.0 | 7 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.44877 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 100 | 3 | 0 | 80 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 64.53382 |
| Crispix | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 220 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 30 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.89564 |
| Crispy Wheat & Raisins | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 140 | 2.0 | 11.0 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.17620 |
| Double Chex | R | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 190 | 1.0 | 18.0 | 5 | 80 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 44.33086 |
| Froot Loops | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 13 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 32.20758 |
| Frosted Flakes | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.43597 |
| Frosted Mini-Wheats | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 14.0 | 7 | 100 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 58.34514 |
| Fruit & Fibre Dates; Walnuts; and Oats | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 2 | 160 | 5.0 | 12.0 | 10 | 200 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.67 | 40.91705 |
| Fruitful Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 0 | 240 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 41.01549 |
| Fruity Pebbles | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 135 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 28.02576 |
| Golden Crisp | P | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 45 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 35.25244 |
| Golden Grahams | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 280 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 23.80404 |
| Grape Nuts Flakes | P | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 140 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 85 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 52.07690 |
| Grape-Nuts | P | cold | 110 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.25 | 53.37101 |
| Great Grains Pecan | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 3 | 75 | 3.0 | 13.0 | 4 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 45.81172 |
| Honey Graham Ohs | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 1.0 | 12.0 | 11 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 21.87129 |
| Honey Nut Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 1 | 250 | 1.5 | 11.5 | 10 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.07222 |
| Honey-comb | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 180 | 0.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.33 | 28.74241 |
| Just Right Crunchy Nuggets | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 170 | 1.0 | 17.0 | 6 | 60 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 36.52368 |
| Just Right Fruit & Nut | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 170 | 2.0 | 20.0 | 9 | 95 | 100 | 3 | 1.30 | 0.75 | 36.47151 |
| Kix | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 260 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 39.24111 |
| Life | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 2 | 150 | 2.0 | 12.0 | 6 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 45.32807 |
| Lucky Charms | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 26.73451 |
| Maypo | A | hot | 100 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 54.85092 |
| Muesli Raisins; Dates; & Almonds | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 95 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 37.13686 |
| Muesli Raisins; Peaches; & Pecans | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 150 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 34.13976 |
| Mueslix Crispy Blend | K | cold | 160 | 3 | 2 | 150 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 13 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.50 | 0.67 | 30.31335 |
| Multi-Grain Cheerios | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 220 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.10596 |
| Nut&Honey Crunch | K | cold | 120 | 2 | 1 | 190 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 29.92429 |
| Nutri-Grain Almond-Raisin | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 2 | 220 | 3.0 | 21.0 | 7 | 130 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 40.69232 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | K | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 18.0 | 2 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.64284 |
| Oatmeal Raisin Crisp | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 170 | 1.5 | 13.5 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.50 | 30.45084 |
| Post Nat. Raisin Bran | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 6.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 260 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 37.84059 |
| Product 19 | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 320 | 1.0 | 20.0 | 3 | 45 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.50354 |
| Puffed Rice | Q | cold | 50 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 60.75611 |
| Puffed Wheat | Q | cold | 50 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 63.00565 |
| Quaker Oat Squares | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 1 | 135 | 2.0 | 14.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 49.51187 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 100 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2.7 | -1.0 | -1 | 110 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 50.82839 |
| Raisin Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 210 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 240 | 25 | 2 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 39.25920 |
| Raisin Nut Bran | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.5 | 10.5 | 8 | 140 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 39.70340 |
| Raisin Squares | K | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 55.33314 |
| Rice Chex | R | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 240 | 0.0 | 23.0 | 2 | 30 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.13 | 41.99893 |
| Rice Krispies | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.56016 |
| Shredded Wheat | N | cold | 80 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 1 | 0.83 | 1.00 | 68.23588 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4.0 | 19.0 | 0 | 140 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 74.47295 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 20.0 | 0 | 120 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 72.80179 |
| Smacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 70 | 1.0 | 9.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.23005 |
| Special K | K | cold | 110 | 6 | 0 | 230 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 55 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 53.13132 |
| Strawberry Fruit Wheats | N | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 15 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 90 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.36399 |
| Total Corn Flakes | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 35 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 38.83975 |
| Total Raisin Bran | G | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 190 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 14 | 230 | 100 | 3 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 28.59278 |
| Total Whole Grain | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 110 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.65884 |
| Triples | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 250 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 60 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 39.10617 |
| Trix | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 140 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 27.75330 |
| Wheat Chex | R | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 230 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 115 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.78744 |
| Wheaties | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 110 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 51.59219 |
| Wheaties Honey Gold | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 8 | 60 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.18756 |
ungroup()
The ungroup() function will remove the internal grouping in your data.
- This is not something that you always need to do, but if you are getting unexpected output downstream from a
group_by()statement, try ungrouping your data!
summarize()
group_by() is almost always paired with summarize()!
summarize()
We can calculate summaries of variables in the data.
. . .
cereal |>
summarise(mean_fiber = mean(fiber)) mean_fiber
1 2.151948
. . .
Or multiple summaries at the same time.
cereal |>
summarize(mean_fiber = mean(fiber),
num_cereals = n(),
mean_sugar = mean(sugars)) mean_fiber num_cereals mean_sugar
1 2.151948 77 6.922078
summarize(): Handy Helpers!
mean(),median(),sd(),sum()min(),max()n(),n_distinct(): counts the number of (distinct) elementsfirst(),last(),nth(): extract the first, last, or nth element
group_by() + summarize()!
group_bya variable (or multiple variables)summarizea variable (or multiple variables) within the groups
cereal |>
group_by(manuf) |>
summarise(mean_sugar = mean(sugars))| manuf | mean_sugar |
|---|---|
| A | 3.000000 |
| G | 7.954546 |
| K | 7.565217 |
| N | 1.833333 |
| P | 8.777778 |
| Q | 5.250000 |
| R | 6.125000 |
group_by() + mutate()!
group_bya variable (or multiple variables)mutatea variable (or multiple variables) within the groups
cereal |>
group_by(manuf) |>
mutate(mean_sugar = mean(sugars))| name | manuf | type | calories | protein | fat | sodium | fiber | carbo | sugars | potass | vitamins | shelf | weight | cups | rating | mean_sugar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100% Bran | N | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 130 | 10.0 | 5.0 | 6 | 280 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 68.40297 | 1.833333 |
| 100% Natural Bran | Q | cold | 120 | 3 | 5 | 15 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 8 | 135 | 0 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.98368 | 5.250000 |
| All-Bran | K | cold | 70 | 4 | 1 | 260 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 5 | 320 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 59.42551 | 7.565217 |
| All-Bran with Extra Fiber | K | cold | 50 | 4 | 0 | 140 | 14.0 | 8.0 | 0 | 330 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 93.70491 | 7.565217 |
| Almond Delight | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 8 | -1 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 34.38484 | 6.125000 |
| Apple Cinnamon Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 2 | 180 | 1.5 | 10.5 | 10 | 70 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 29.50954 | 7.954546 |
| Apple Jacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 33.17409 | 7.565217 |
| Basic 4 | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 210 | 2.0 | 18.0 | 8 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 37.03856 | 7.954546 |
| Bran Chex | R | cold | 90 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 125 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.12025 | 6.125000 |
| Bran Flakes | P | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 210 | 5.0 | 13.0 | 5 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 53.31381 | 8.777778 |
| Cap'n'Crunch | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 35 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 18.04285 | 5.250000 |
| Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 6 | 2 | 290 | 2.0 | 17.0 | 1 | 105 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 50.76500 | 7.954546 |
| Cinnamon Toast Crunch | G | cold | 120 | 1 | 3 | 210 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 19.82357 | 7.954546 |
| Clusters | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.0 | 13.0 | 7 | 105 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.40021 | 7.954546 |
| Cocoa Puffs | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.73645 | 7.954546 |
| Corn Chex | R | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 280 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.44502 | 6.125000 |
| Corn Flakes | K | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 2 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 45.86332 | 7.565217 |
| Corn Pops | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 90 | 1.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 20 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 35.78279 | 7.565217 |
| Count Chocula | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 65 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 22.39651 | 7.954546 |
| Cracklin' Oat Bran | K | cold | 110 | 3 | 3 | 140 | 4.0 | 10.0 | 7 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 40.44877 | 7.565217 |
| Cream of Wheat (Quick) | N | hot | 100 | 3 | 0 | 80 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 64.53382 | 1.833333 |
| Crispix | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 220 | 1.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 30 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.89564 | 7.565217 |
| Crispy Wheat & Raisins | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 140 | 2.0 | 11.0 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.17620 | 7.954546 |
| Double Chex | R | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 190 | 1.0 | 18.0 | 5 | 80 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 44.33086 | 6.125000 |
| Froot Loops | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 125 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 13 | 30 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 32.20758 | 7.565217 |
| Frosted Flakes | K | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 200 | 1.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.43597 | 7.565217 |
| Frosted Mini-Wheats | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 14.0 | 7 | 100 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 58.34514 | 7.565217 |
| Fruit & Fibre Dates; Walnuts; and Oats | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 2 | 160 | 5.0 | 12.0 | 10 | 200 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.67 | 40.91705 | 8.777778 |
| Fruitful Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 0 | 240 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 190 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 41.01549 | 7.565217 |
| Fruity Pebbles | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 135 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 28.02576 | 8.777778 |
| Golden Crisp | P | cold | 100 | 2 | 0 | 45 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 35.25244 | 8.777778 |
| Golden Grahams | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 280 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 23.80404 | 7.954546 |
| Grape Nuts Flakes | P | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 140 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 85 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 52.07690 | 8.777778 |
| Grape-Nuts | P | cold | 110 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.25 | 53.37101 | 8.777778 |
| Great Grains Pecan | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 3 | 75 | 3.0 | 13.0 | 4 | 100 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 45.81172 | 8.777778 |
| Honey Graham Ohs | Q | cold | 120 | 1 | 2 | 220 | 1.0 | 12.0 | 11 | 45 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 21.87129 | 5.250000 |
| Honey Nut Cheerios | G | cold | 110 | 3 | 1 | 250 | 1.5 | 11.5 | 10 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.07222 | 7.954546 |
| Honey-comb | P | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 180 | 0.0 | 14.0 | 11 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.33 | 28.74241 | 8.777778 |
| Just Right Crunchy Nuggets | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 170 | 1.0 | 17.0 | 6 | 60 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 36.52368 | 7.565217 |
| Just Right Fruit & Nut | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 170 | 2.0 | 20.0 | 9 | 95 | 100 | 3 | 1.30 | 0.75 | 36.47151 | 7.565217 |
| Kix | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 260 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 39.24111 | 7.954546 |
| Life | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 2 | 150 | 2.0 | 12.0 | 6 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 45.32807 | 5.250000 |
| Lucky Charms | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 180 | 0.0 | 12.0 | 12 | 55 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 26.73451 | 7.954546 |
| Maypo | A | hot | 100 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 95 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 54.85092 | 3.000000 |
| Muesli Raisins; Dates; & Almonds | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 95 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 37.13686 | 6.125000 |
| Muesli Raisins; Peaches; & Pecans | R | cold | 150 | 4 | 3 | 150 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 11 | 170 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 34.13976 | 6.125000 |
| Mueslix Crispy Blend | K | cold | 160 | 3 | 2 | 150 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 13 | 160 | 25 | 3 | 1.50 | 0.67 | 30.31335 | 7.565217 |
| Multi-Grain Cheerios | G | cold | 100 | 2 | 1 | 220 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 90 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.10596 | 7.954546 |
| Nut&Honey Crunch | K | cold | 120 | 2 | 1 | 190 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 9 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 29.92429 | 7.565217 |
| Nutri-Grain Almond-Raisin | K | cold | 140 | 3 | 2 | 220 | 3.0 | 21.0 | 7 | 130 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 40.69232 | 7.565217 |
| Nutri-grain Wheat | K | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 170 | 3.0 | 18.0 | 2 | 90 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.64284 | 7.565217 |
| Oatmeal Raisin Crisp | G | cold | 130 | 3 | 2 | 170 | 1.5 | 13.5 | 10 | 120 | 25 | 3 | 1.25 | 0.50 | 30.45084 | 7.954546 |
| Post Nat. Raisin Bran | P | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 6.0 | 11.0 | 14 | 260 | 25 | 3 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 37.84059 | 8.777778 |
| Product 19 | K | cold | 100 | 3 | 0 | 320 | 1.0 | 20.0 | 3 | 45 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 41.50354 | 7.565217 |
| Puffed Rice | Q | cold | 50 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 60.75611 | 5.250000 |
| Puffed Wheat | Q | cold | 50 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 3 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 63.00565 | 5.250000 |
| Quaker Oat Squares | Q | cold | 100 | 4 | 1 | 135 | 2.0 | 14.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 49.51187 | 5.250000 |
| Quaker Oatmeal | Q | hot | 100 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2.7 | -1.0 | -1 | 110 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 50.82839 | 5.250000 |
| Raisin Bran | K | cold | 120 | 3 | 1 | 210 | 5.0 | 14.0 | 12 | 240 | 25 | 2 | 1.33 | 0.75 | 39.25920 | 7.565217 |
| Raisin Nut Bran | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 2 | 140 | 2.5 | 10.5 | 8 | 140 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 39.70340 | 7.954546 |
| Raisin Squares | K | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 15.0 | 6 | 110 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 55.33314 | 7.565217 |
| Rice Chex | R | cold | 110 | 1 | 0 | 240 | 0.0 | 23.0 | 2 | 30 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.13 | 41.99893 | 6.125000 |
| Rice Krispies | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 0 | 290 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 3 | 35 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 40.56016 | 7.565217 |
| Shredded Wheat | N | cold | 80 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 0 | 95 | 0 | 1 | 0.83 | 1.00 | 68.23588 | 1.833333 |
| Shredded Wheat 'n'Bran | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4.0 | 19.0 | 0 | 140 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 74.47295 | 1.833333 |
| Shredded Wheat spoon size | N | cold | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 | 20.0 | 0 | 120 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 72.80179 | 1.833333 |
| Smacks | K | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 70 | 1.0 | 9.0 | 15 | 40 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 31.23005 | 7.565217 |
| Special K | K | cold | 110 | 6 | 0 | 230 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 55 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 53.13132 | 7.565217 |
| Strawberry Fruit Wheats | N | cold | 90 | 2 | 0 | 15 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 5 | 90 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 59.36399 | 1.833333 |
| Total Corn Flakes | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 35 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 38.83975 | 7.954546 |
| Total Raisin Bran | G | cold | 140 | 3 | 1 | 190 | 4.0 | 15.0 | 14 | 230 | 100 | 3 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 28.59278 | 7.954546 |
| Total Whole Grain | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 16.0 | 3 | 110 | 100 | 3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 46.65884 | 7.954546 |
| Triples | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 250 | 0.0 | 21.0 | 3 | 60 | 25 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 39.10617 | 7.954546 |
| Trix | G | cold | 110 | 1 | 1 | 140 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 27.75330 | 7.954546 |
| Wheat Chex | R | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 230 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 115 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 49.78744 | 6.125000 |
| Wheaties | G | cold | 100 | 3 | 1 | 200 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 3 | 110 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 51.59219 | 7.954546 |
| Wheaties Honey Gold | G | cold | 110 | 2 | 1 | 200 | 1.0 | 16.0 | 8 | 60 | 25 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 36.18756 | 7.954546 |
The Difference?
group_by() + summarize() collapses the data.
- You will only have one row per group remaining.
group_by() + mutate() does not.
- You will have the full number of rows remaining.
When would you need to ungroup()?
The default for summarize() is to drop the last variable after the subsequent operation is taken.
Meaning, the first variables used for grouping will not be dropped, unless otherwise specified.
. . .
cereal |>
group_by(manuf, type) |>
summarize(mean_calories = mean(calories))`summarise()` has grouped output by 'manuf'. You can override using the
`.groups` argument.
# A tibble: 9 × 3
# Groups: manuf [7]
manuf type mean_calories
<fct> <fct> <dbl>
1 A hot 100
2 G cold 111.
3 K cold 109.
4 N cold 84
5 N hot 100
6 P cold 109.
7 Q cold 94.3
8 Q hot 100
9 R cold 115
How do I ungroup?
Option 1 - Use the .groups argument of summarize()
cereal |>
group_by(manuf, type) |>
summarize(mean_calories = mean(calories),
.groups = "drop"). . .
Option 2 - Use the ungroup() function after summarize()
cereal |>
group_by(manuf, type) |>
summarize(mean_calories = mean(calories)) |>
ungroup()How do we “group” and “summarize” in base R?
You can use the aggregate() function.
cereal |>
aggregate(sugars ~ manuf, FUN = mean)| manuf | sugars |
|---|---|
| A | 3.000000 |
| G | 7.954546 |
| K | 7.565217 |
| N | 1.833333 |
| P | 8.777778 |
| Q | 5.250000 |
| R | 6.125000 |
Glue it all together!
cereal |>
filter(type == "cold") |>
mutate(potass_per_cup = potass / cups) |>
group_by(manuf) |>
summarise(mean_potass_per_cup = mean(potass_per_cup))| manuf | mean_potass_per_cup |
|---|---|
| G | 109.1970 |
| K | 175.3978 |
| N | 284.3089 |
| P | 203.8749 |
| Q | 93.3511 |
| R | 106.8864 |
Code Formatting
Similar to the + formatting in ggplot, do not continue a line after writing a |>!
cereal |> group_by(type) |> summarise(mean_fiber = mean(fiber), num_cereals = n(), mean_sugar = mean(sugars))cereal |>
group_by(type) |>
summarise(mean_fiber = mean(fiber),
num_cereals = n(),
mean_sugar = mean(sugars)
)PA 3: Identify the Mystery College
Today you will use the dplyr package to clean some data and then use that cleaned data to figure out what college Margaret has been accepted to.
Finding Margaret’s College
This activity will require knowledge of:
- debugging code errors
- function syntax
- logical comparisons
- dplyr verbs and when to use them
- chaining steps together with the pipe operator
. . .
None of us have all these abilities. Each of us has some of these abilities.
Pair Programming Expectations
During your collaboration, you and your partner will alternate between two roles:
. . .
Listener
- The person who will type into the Quarto document in RStudio
- Will not type unless prompted by the Problem Solver
- Asks Problem Solver clarifying questions
- Asks professor questions for the group
Problem Solver
- Reads out instructions or prompts
- Directs the Listener what to type in the Quarto document in Posit Cloud
- Instructs the Listener what comments to make in the Quarto document to help the group understand the code later
- Keeps group on task
- Think and work together. Do not divide the work.
- You are smarter together.
- No cross-talk with other groups.
dplyr Resources
Every group should have a dplyr cheatsheet!
On the Front
- Column 1: grouped summaries (
group_by()+summarize()) - Column 2:
filter()ing values with logical comparisons - Column 3:
select()ing andmutate()ing variables
On the Back
- Column 2: summary functions you might like to use with
summarize()
Opening the Practice Activity in Posit Cloud
The partner whose birthday comes last starts as the Listener!
They need to do the following:
- Click on the PA2 link in Canvas
- Log-in to Posit Cloud
- Open the
PA3-dplyr.qmdfile (from the lower right corner) - Get started!
Submission
Submit the full name of the college Margaret will attend to the Canvas Quiz.
- Each person will input the college in the PA3 Canvas quiz.
- The person who last occupied the role of Listener will download and submit the
PA-3.qmdfile for the group.- Only one submission per group!
Comments from Week 2
.htmlto make sure it looks correct.. . .
. . .
sapply()to get the variable data types – this is fine, but where did you find this solution? It’s not in the textbook or the coursework, so that function requires a citation!